Knee Anatomy 1

tibiofemoral joint

knee joint

what type of joint is the knee joint

modified hinge joint

how many degrees of freedom does the knee have

1

medial distal femur parts

medial epicondyle, adductor tubercle

lateral distal femur parts

lateral epicondyle, lateral gastroc origin, popliteus tendon origin

posterior distal femur parts

linea aspera, intercondylar fossa

anterior distal femur parts

intercondylar fossa, articular cartilage surface

intercondylar fossa

attachment for cruciates

anterior proximal tibia parts

tibial tuberosity, gerdys tubercle.

posterior proximal tibia parts

soleal line, proximal fibula facet, PCL attachment, medial meniscus attachment, groove

superior proximal tibia parts

meniscal attachments, articular surface, intercondylar eminence, cruciate attachments

proximal tibiofemoral joint

synovial joint, transfer force from biceps femoris to LCL

Patella bone

sesamoid bone, articulates with femur

function of the patella

moves quad away making a bigger external moment arm

superior patella attachment

quad tendon

inferior patella attachment

patellar tendon

lateral patellar attachment

IT band, lateral retinaculum

medial patellar attachment

medial retinaculum, VMO

menisci structure

fibrocartilage, dense

menisci function

protect articular cartilage, distributes loads, stability, lubrication

medical menisci shape

C shape

lateral menisci shape

O shape

meniscal attachments

anterior and posterior horns, transverse ligament, coronary ligaments, collaterals

knee joint capsule

fibrous, thick, collateral ligaments, posterior capsule

bursa in knee

prepatellar, suprapatellar, subcutaneous infrapatellar, deep infrapatellar

MCL structure

flat band, superior to medial epicondyle, inferior to medial condyle

MCL function

valgus stress

LCL structure

cord like, lateral epicondyle

LCL function

varus stress

Iliotibial band origin

gluteus maximus and tenso fasciae latae

IT band insertion

lateral femur, lateral patella, gerdys tubercle

IT band function

lateral knee stability

ACL and PCL naming and location

by attachment on tibia, intracapsular, extrasynovial

ACL structure

runs superior, lateral, and posterior

ACL function

pulls back, resists anterior translation on tibia on femur

PCL structure

runs superior, medial, anterior

PCL function

pulls forward, resists posterior translation of tibia on femur