Intro to Anatomy/Physiology

Gross Anatomy

The study of body parts and organs large enough to see with the naked eye

Microscopic Anatomy

The study of tiny body parts, like cell and tissues, using a microscope

Surface Anatomy

The study of external features and physical markings of the body

Landmarks

Regional Anatomy

The study of the human body by specific area or parts

Systemic Anatomy

The study of the body by its organ systems

Developmental Anatomy

the study of how an organisms body structures change from a fertilized egg all the way to full maturity

Cytology

the study of the internal structure, microscopic anatomy, and organization of individual cells

Specifically cells

Histology

The Microscopic Study of tissues and organs

Organ tissues

Physiology

The study of how the human body works

Kinesiology

The study of how the body structures create human movements

Is everyone unique

everyone is unique on the outside but when it comes down to our anatomy we are all the same

What color is our blood and why do we assume its other colors

red because our veins are blue

What is inside your stomach to help digest foods

Hydrochloric Acid

Borborygmi

Stomach Growls Caused by HCL in stomach Swishing around because the stomach is empty

The way things in our body is shaped is correlated to what

the function of the body part

What is homeostasis normally controlled by

negative feedback

How is negative feedback fixed to maintain homeostasis

imbalance is corrected by a response that restores balance

What are two examples of positive feedback in relation to homeostasis

childbirth and blood clotting

How does the body fix homeostasis for positive feedback

the body initiates a response that increases the imbalance till a specific goal is reached

Cells

basic unit of structure and function in living things

Tissues

group of cells that work together to perform a particular function

Organs

Composed of two or more tissue types and perform a specific function for the body

What is the order of the structural organization of the body

atoms/ molecules

Cells

Tissues

Organs

Organ systems

Anatomy

the study of the structure and shape of the body and body parts as well as their relationship to one another

Physiology

The study of how the body and its parts work or function

Homeostasis

the tendency for the body to maintain internal stability

What is always the ultimate cause of death

Loss of homeostasis

How many organ systems are there

11

What are the organ systems

Cardiovascular/ Circulatory- heart, blood vessels

Respiratory-Lungs

Digestive -stomach

reproductive -ovaries, uterus

Skeletal -bones, tendons, cartilage

Integumentary -skin, hair, nails

Urinary -bladder,kidneys

Lymphatic -immune system

Muscular-muscles

Endocrine -glands

Nervous -brain

Why is water important

high heat capacity

Universal solvent

Important reactant

Protective cushion

Do male or females have a larger caring angle

females

What is a caring angle

the angle your arms make in anatomical position

What are directional terms

They explain where one body part is in relation to another

Superior

Above/on top

Inferior

below/under

Medial

towards midline

Lateral

away from midline

Proximal

closest to point of attachment

Distal

farthest from point of attachment

Anterior

front

Posterior

back

Superficial

towards the surface

Deep

Away from the surface

Anatomical Position

erect, feet forward, arms at side with palms facing forward, head facing forward

Sagittal plane

vertical division of the body into right and left portions

Midsagittal plane

Divides the body into equal left and right halves

Frontal plane

divides the body into front and back portions

Dorsal body cavity

Contains the cranial cavity and spinal column

Ventral body cavity

contains all the structures within the chest and abdomen

Thoracic cavity

contains heart and lungs

Abdominal cavity

contains stomach intestines, spleen, liver, and other organs

Pelvic cavity

contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs and rectum

Right hypochondriac region

right upper region below the cartilage of the ribs that extend over the abdomen

Epigastric region

Located above the stomach

Left hypochondriac region

left upper region below the rib cartilage

Right lumbar region

right middle region near the waist

Umbilical region

the center most region which includes the umbilicus

Left lumbar region

left middle region near the waist

Right iliac region

lower right region

Hypogastric region

located below the stomach

Left iliac region

Lower left region

Oral cavity

the part of the mouth behind the gums and teeth that is bounded above by the hard and soft palates and below by the tongue and by the miscount membrane connecting it with the inner part of the mandible

Nasal cavity

hollow space behind the nose

Orbital cavity

bony cavity in the skull that houses and protects the eyeball

Middle ear cavity

contains bones(ossicles) that transmit sound vibrations

Digestive cavity

the cavity of the digestive organs which open exterior at the anus