Chapt. 10 Quiz part 1

Which factor will significantly affect the iodine content of crops?

the mineral content of the soils they are grown in

the use of pesticides

climate conditions during growth

the frequency of watering

the mineral content of the soils they are grown in

Which symptoms might indicate zinc toxicity?

anemia

kidney failure

dizziness

impaired immune function

impaired immune function

Zinc toxicity can interfere with copper absorption.

Among the trace minerals, which mineral is found in the highest concentration in the body?

iron

zinc

fluoride

copper

iron

Excessive zinc consumption is MOST likely to impair the absorption of which mineral?

selenium

copper

iron

fluoride

copper

The introduction of which specific product has eliminated the "goiter belt" in the United States?

iodine supplements

processed foods

iodized salt

enriched grains

iodized salt

Iodized salt was introduced by Morton in 1924.

Which groups of individuals would have the lowest risk for zinc deficiency?

vegans

alcoholics

premenopausal women

elderly

premenopausal women

Which demographic group is at the highest risk for trace mineral deficiencies?

children

elderly

adolescent males

athletes

children

Iron from which one of the following foods would have the greatest absorption availability?

chicken thigh

black beans

fortified breakfast cereal

raisins

chicken thigh

Which statement is true about cofactors?

Cofactors are always organic compounds.

Trace minerals often act as cofactors.

Cofactors assist hormones.

Cofactors will bind with nutrients.

Trace minerals often act as cofactors.

Iodine is important for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. A deficiency in which other nutrients can lead to insufficient thyroid hormone production?

selenium

iron

chromium

zinc

iron

The iodine-containing food additives in processed grain products are called:

salt.

sweeteners.

preservatives.

dough conditioners.

dough conditioners

Consuming which types of foods may ensure adequate intake of selenium?

meats and cereals

fruits and vegetables

chocolate and nuts

fortified dairy products

meats and cereals

Meats and cereals are a good source of selenium.

What factor will determine the content of iodine in fruits and vegetables?

fiber content

maturity of the plant

weather factors

nutrient density of the soil

nutrient density of the soil

Minerals with a daily requirement of ______ or more are considered major (or “macro”) minerals.

100 milligrams

Daily requirement less than _______ are considered trace (or “micro”) minerals.

100 milligrams

Name the 8 trace minerals.

iron, zinc, copper, selenium, molybdenum, manganese, fluoride, and iodine

Another name for goiter belt:

enlarged thyroid gland

Where is Iodine mainly found?

ocean (fish/shellfish/seaweed) and soil

Proper iodine function is essential for which type of hormones?

thyroid

The pituitary gland in the brain secretes _________, which regulates the thyroid.

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

When individuals do not get enough iodine → the thyroid gland cannot produce adequate levels of thyroid hormones =

a goiter or hypothyroidism

If a pregnant woman is extremely deficient in iodine, then _____ can develop in her child.

cretinism

The RDA for iodine for people 19+ is ______ & the UL is ____ micrograms.

150 micrograms & 1100

Most iron in our body occurs as ___ iron.

heme

Another name for ________ is microcytic hypochromic anemia, & this affects over __% of the world’s population.

iron-deficiency anemia & 30%

A condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells is inadequate

anemia

_____ is the leading cause of the anemia & is a shortage of iron-containing hemoglobin that carry oxygen in red blood cells.

Iron deficiency

The RDA for iron men 19 + is __ milligrams & ___ milligrams for women 19–50 years.

8 & 18

What is another name for iron overload disease?

hemochromatosis

The recommended intake of zinc is _____ for men 19 + & ____ for women in the same age group

11 milligrams & 8 milligrams