Sports Med 2- Chapter 20 (Spine) Practice Test

A blow to the top of the athlete’s head while in flexion.

Axial loading

A pinched nerve resulting from stretching or compression of the brachial plexus

Brachial plexus injury

Inflammatory condition of the sciatic nerve; commonly associated with peripheral nerve root compression

sciatica

a complication of spondylolysis, often resulting in hypermobility of a vertebral segment

spondylolisthesis

a degeneration of the vertebrae and, more commonly, a defect in the articular processes of the vertebrae

spondylolysis

Which of the following forms the periphery of the intervertebral disc?

The annulus fibrosus

The cervicis region is located in the:

neck

sports movements that characteristically hyperextend the spine are likely to cause:

spondylolysis

Which of the following is considered the strongest and the thickest of the vertebrae?

Lumbar

Which of the following activities helps prevent lower back injuries?

Putting one’s feet flat on the floor when sitting

Most serious cervical injuries in football result from:

axial loading while spearing

Which region of the spine is responsible for the least amount of spinal flexion and extension?

Thoracic

A compression fracture of the lumbar vertebrae most often occurs as a result of:

hyperflexion

The cervical and lumbar regions of the spine allow for extension and flexion

true

A cervical fracture should always be suspected with an unconscious athlete

true

The function of the intervertebral disc is to act as a shock absorber for the spine

true

In axial loading of the cervical vertebrae, the normal anterior curve in the cervical spine flattens out

true

Sciatica is a general term that describes all lower back pain irrespective of the exact causes.

false

The first two vertebrae in the cervical region allow for flexion and extension of the neck

false

Recognition of the compression fracture is difficult without an X-ray examination

True

The spinal column extends from the cranium to the first or second lumbar vertebra

true

How many vertebrae are present in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions of the spine?

7, 12, and 5, repectively

Which of the following is true of the sacrum

It is formed by the fusion of five vertebrae and constitutes the pelvis

Which of the following statements is true of sciatica (see picture)

Sharp shooting pain-follows nerve pathway along posterior and medial thigh.

Which of the following is considered the strongest and thickest of the vertebrae?

lumbar

which of the following parts of the spine is vulnerable to sports injuries and consists of seven vertebrae?

cervical spine

Which of the following is true of a cervical dislocation

it produces many of the same signs as a fracture

Which of the signs is the most easily discernible difference between a cervical dislocation and cervical fracture

position of the neck

unable to use arm,complains: unilateral burning, numbness+tingling, and pain from the shoulder to hand goes away quickly

pinched nerve

which of the following is a sign of a cervical neck fracture?

all answers are correct

a disc herniation occurs when

the nucleus pulposis leaks from the annulus fibrosis

which lumbar vertebra is most likely to slip as a result of spondylolisthesis?

L5

neck muscles can function to protect the c spine by resisting excessive hyperflexion, hyperextension, rotational forces.

true

Spondylolysis refers to a degeneration of the vertebra and, a defect in the articular processes of the vertebra.

true

fractures of the transverse and spinous processes result most often from a kick or other direct impact to the back.

True

treating a cervical sprain (no fracture), it is important to make the athlete wear a soft collar to reduce spasm

True

athlete suffers a contusion of the back, it is impt to make sure the athlete does not have any kidney-related problems.

true

Recognition of the compression fracture is difficult without an X-ray examination.

true

spinal cord-the portion of the central nervous system that is contained w/in the vertebral canal of the spinal column.

true

injury to the coccyx is usually the result of being kicked by an opponent or falling and landing hard on the buttocks.

true

spondylolisthesis-a complication of spondylolysis and most commonly results in a slipping of the fifth lumbar vertebra.

true

acute torticollis occurs when a small piece of synovial membrane is impinged between two cervical vertebrae.

true

neck sprain- tears in tissues of the anterior or posterior longitudinal , the interspinous , or supraspinus ligaments

true

Which of the following is the most common mechanism for low back strain?

Sudden extension with trunk rotation

Sciatica is a term used to describe:

the inflammation of the sciatic nerve.