Unit 4 intro to engines

What are rubber hoses

Transports low pressure fluid and vapors

Don't have reinforcements

May harden or crack over time

Rubber hose applications

Used for drain tubes and engine vacu lines

What are cloth braided hoses

Used for high pressure fluids and vapors

Reinforced

Clamped to seal hose to a component

Cloth braided applications

Used to transport coolant between radiator and engine and the heating core

What are metal braided hose

Strong

Withstand high temps and pressures

Resistance to bursting

Ensures safe operation

Metal braided hose applications

Used in power steering and braking systems

What are teflon lined hoses

Lining protects against deterioration from fuel

Lining helps ensure no fuel vapor can permeate the hose

Teflon lined hose applications

Used to transport fuel and fuel vapors

What are rubber nylon hoses

Stiffer and can handle when the pressure inside is less than the pressure outside the hose

Rubber nylon hose applications

Used as vacuum hose and connects vacuum components with the intake manifold

What happens if rubber hoses are used to transport fuel

Fuel causes the hose to break time

What are steel pipes and tubes

Strong and can handle high pressure

Run across frame rails, bulkheads and radiator core supports

Galvanized or painted to prevent rust

Steel pipe and tube applications

Used in cooling systems, fuel systems, braking systems, power steering and transmission

What are aluminum pipes and tubes

Lightweight

Strong and rigid

Found on from rails and bulkheads

Aluminum pipe and tube application

Used in air conditioning and heater system

What are plastic pipes and tubes

Not used when heat is present

Plastic pipes and tubes applications

Used in evaporative emission systems and vacuum lines

What are copper pipes and tubes

Carry coolant

Copper helps transfer heat from coolant to air

Can become brittle and break when repeatedly flexed

Copper pipes and tubes applications

Used inside radiators

What are nylon pipes and tubes

Stiff, lightweight and strong

Allows for a small amount of flex

If bent too far can crack or become permanently kinked

Long pipes and tubes applications

Sometimes used for fuel injector systems

Used for medium and heavy duty truck air brakes

Material of high pressure pipes and tubes

Steel or aluminum

Applications of high pressure pipes and tubes

Used in areas with little to no movement

Used in fuel injector systems, air conditioning systems, brake systems and steering systems

Materials of low pressure pipes and tubes

Plastic or nylon

Applications of low pressure pipes and tubes

Used in areas with little to no movement

Can break down from repeated movement

Used in windshield washer systems and drains

What are vacuum pipes and tubes

Ability to withstand collapse

Made out of plastic or nylon

Vacuum pipe and tube application

Used in evaporative emission systems and HVAC systems

What are flared fittings

End of tube tapered outwards

Threaded nut pushes against the flare to seal a pipe to another pipe or component

Two types are bubble and inverted

Flared fitting applications

Used on two metal tubes

Used with braking or power steering systems

High pressure applications

What are compression fittings

Flare less

Uses threaded nut, compression sleeve, and ferrule

Ferrule is pinched tightly into the wall of the tubing to provide a seal

What are spring lock fittings

Fits two tubes together

One tube has bigger diameter than the other

Larger tube has flared end

Smaller tube has a garter spring inside a cage

Spring lock fitting application

Used to connect fuel lines and air conditioning hoses

What are fastener fittings

Bolts or screws hole the fitting together

Pipe will have flat bracket welded onto it

Fastener fitting application

Used with air conditioning

What are crimp fittings

Much stronger and clamps

Two types are bubble and face

Crimp fitting applications

Used with high pressure hoses

Used with brake systems, power steering systems and air conditioning

What are clamps

Easily tighten and loosen

Types of worm gear, rolled edge, twin wire and screw tower

Also have spring clamps

What is Army/Navy size

Determined by outer diameter

OD is multipled by 1/16 to get size

What is national pipe-taper thread standard

Used to join fittings and pipes

What are the most common seal failures

Damage and improper installation

What causes splits and cracks in a gasket

Over torquing

What is torque angle meter

Measures the distance in degrees and bolt turns

Used when installing torque-to-yield bolts

What happens if there is too much ring end gap

Have poor sealing

How to fix too much end gap

Check the cylinder bore size, if normal, get larger piston rings

What happens if there is too little end gap

Rings can butt together and scuff the cylinder walls

How to fix too little end gap

File the ends of the ring or replace

What happens if there are too much ring side clearance

Rings will fail

What rings are on a piston

Two compression and one oil