APUSH Identification Semester 2

Leland Stanford

One of the Big Four; Heavyset; Ex-governor of California; Had useful political connections

Collis P. Huntington

One of the Big Four; Adept lobbyist; Burly and energetic

Robert Louis Stevenson

Famed writer; “The plumed hereditary lord of all America heard, in this last fastness, the scream of the ‘bad medicine wagon’ charioting his foes”

James J. Hill

“Empire Builder”; A bearlike man who was probably the greatest railroad builder of all

Cornelius Vanderbilt

“Commodore”; Burly, boisterous, white-whiskered; ill-educated, ungrammatical, coarse, and ruthless; founded a University in Tennessee; “Law! What do I care about the law? Hain’t I got the power?”

Jay Gould

Boomed and busted the stocks of Erie, the Kansas Pacific, the Union Pacific, and the Texas and Pacific in an circus of speculative skullduggery; Boasted “I could hire one-half of the working class to kill the other half”

William H. Vanderbilt

Son of Cornelius Vanderbilt; “The public be damned”

Richard Olney

Leading corruption lawyer; The new commission “can be made of great use to the railroads. It satisfies the popular clamor for a government supervision of railroads supervision of railroads, at the same time that such supervision is almost entirely nominal…. The part of wisdom is not to destroy the Commission, but to utilize it”

Andrew Carnegie

The steel king; Pioneered vertical integration; Undersized, charming Scotsman; Disliked monopolistic trusts

John D. Rockefeller

The oil baron; Master of horizontal integration; Standard Oil Company; “Let us prey”; Lanky, shrewd, ambitious, abstremious

J. Pierpont Morgan

The banker’s banker; Interlocking directorates; “Jupiter”; An impressive figure of a man, with massive shoulders, shaggy brows, piercing eyes, and a bulbous, acne-cursed red nose

William Kelly

A Kentucky manufacturer of iron kettles; “Kelly’s fool steel”

Andrew Carnegie

Brought to America by his impoverished parents in 1848 and got a job as a bobbin boy; “Napoleon of the Smokestacks”

Herbert Spencer

English philosopher; Social Darwinist; Coined phrase “Survival of the fittest”

William Graham Sumner

Yale professor; “The millionaires are a product of natural selection”; Asked “What do social classes owe each other?” “Nothing”

Reverend Russel Connell

Became rich by delivering his lecture “Acres of Diamonds” thousands of times; “There is not a poor person in the United States who was not made poor by his own shortcomings”

President McKinley

More new trusts were formed in the 1890s under his presidency than any other like period

James Buchanan Duke

Mass produced cigarettes; Trinity College renamed after him

Henry W. Grady

Silver-tongued; Editor of the Atlanta Constitution; He tirelessly exhorted the ex-Confederates to become “Georgia Yankees” and outplay the North at the commercial and industrial game

Charles Dana Gibson

Artist that created the “Gibson Girl”, a magazine image of an independent and athletic “new woman” in 1890s

John P. Altgeld

German-born Democrat of strong liberal tendencies; Governor of Illinois; Pardoned three survivors of Haymarket Square

Samuel Gompers

Founder and president of American Federation of Labor; Colorful Jewish cigar maker; Closed shop labor