unit 1 vocab ss

Agrarian Society

A community whose economy is based on producing and maintaining crops and farmland.

Assembly Line

a manufacturing method in which a product is put together as it moves along a belt

Astrolabe

An ancient, portable astronomical instrument used as a handheld model of the universe to calculate time

Capitalism

an economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.

Chartism

a 10th century British working-class political movemnet that compainged for parliamentary reform and democratic rights

Coup d'etat

A sudden overthrow of the government by a small group

Cultural diffusion

The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another

Domestic/public spheres

A social division that separates private homes life from public societal and work life

age of enlightenment

A cultural movement of intellectuals in 18th-Century Europe, that sought to mobilize the power of reason, in order to reform society and advance knowledge.

Factory

A building or set of buildings with facilities for manufacturing or producing goods.

Free market

An economic system where the prices of goods, services, and wages are set by supply and demand

Industrialization

the large-scale introduction of manufacturing, advanced technical enterprises, and other productive economic activity into an area, society, country, etc.

Lateen Sail

a triangular sail attached to a long pole mounted at an angle on a ships mast

liberalism

A political ideology that emphasizes the civil rights of citizens, representative government, and the protection of private property. This ideology, derived from the Enlightenment, was especially popular among the property-owning middle classes.

Manufactured good

physical items made by processing raw material using labor, tools, or machinery

marxism

a social, economic and political philosophy that analyses the impact of the ruling class on the laborers, leading to uneven distribution of wealth and privileges in the society

periodization

the act of diving a large span of time or a long-term plan into smaller, distinct, and mangeable phases

raw material

Any natural resource that is used to make finished products.

renaissance

a revival of growth, interest, or activity in something like art or music

republicanism

A philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people. The government is based on consent of the governed.

revolution

a sudden or complete change in government

scientific revolution

a period of drastic change in scientific thought that took place during the 16th and 17th centuries

social contract

an unwritten agreement between people and their government that gives the rights and duties of each

union

the act of joining an organization together formed by seperate groups or people

urban society

a community of people living in a sensely populated area where life centers on industry and non-agricultural jobs