Functional Groups

Aldehyde

Carbon with a double bond with oxygen, a single bond with hydrogen, and a single bond with R

Alkane

single carbon bond

Alkene

Double carbon bond

Alkyne

triple bond

Alchohol

Molecule bonded with hydroxyl group

Haloalkane

Has a halogen bonded to carbon

Amine

Basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair

Ketone

Carbon with a double bond with oxygen, 2 single bonds with R

Carboxylic Acid

Carbon with a double bond with oxygen, single bond with hydroxyl group, and single bond with R

Ester

Carbon with a double bond with oxygen, a single bond with oxygen, and a single bond with R

Amide

Carbon with a double bond with oxygen, a single bond with nitrogen, and a single bond with R

Nitrile

Carbon with a triple bond with nitrogen and a single bond with another atom