Chapter 12 and 13

what is homogeneous mixture another name for

a solution

homogeneous mixture

a solution where the particles are in uniform and there is a solvent and a solute

solvent

greater amount, does the dissolving

what way does heat travel

high to low

solute

lesser amount, what is being dissolved

solubility

how dissolvable a substance is

when can solutions mix properly

when both are either nonpolar or both are polar

what is it called if two solutions can mix

miscible

immiscible

when one mixture is polar and the other is nonpolar so they dont mix

henry’s law

if a gas is being dissolved in a liquid, the more pressure you have the more gas you will dissolve

if you want to dissolve a gas would a hot or cold liquid dissolve more

cold liquid

what are the two types of heterogeneous mixtures

colloids and suspensions

what is a heterogeneous mixture

it has two or more phases

how big are the particles in a colloid

between 1 and 1000 nanometers which is small enough to stay in place

what are the two phases that a colloid has

dispersed and continuous

what is the dispersed phase of a colloid

the phase that is being dispersed

what is the continuous phase of a colloid

the phase that is surrounding the dispersed particles

suspension

over 1000 nanometers

what do suspensions do if they are left unattended

separate

if the tyndall effect passes through a colloid will the light scatter or pass through

scatter

what is it called when there is constant motion (microscopic juggling) in a solution

Brownian motion

what are examples of brownian motion

jello, milk, hairspray, paint, glue, mayo, whipped cream, ice cream

what are electrolyes

ionic compounds dissolved in water which now make the water conduct a current

how do you dissolve a gas

add pressure and cool it

dissolving a gas is usually

exothermic

what is the formula for osmotic pressure

pie=MRT

what does pie stand for

osmotic pressure

what does M stand for

molaRity

what does m stand for

molaLity

what does T stand for

temp

how do you dissolve a solid

increase surface area (grind it up), heat it, or stir it

how do you get a supersaturated liquid

you heat the solution to make more spaces and then add more solute and allow to cool

what is the molarity equation

moles/L

what is the molality equation

moles/kg

what is heat of solution

the change in heat when dissolving a solute in a solvent

negative change in heat (- triange H)

exothermic- heat is minusing from solution

positive change in heat (+ triangle H)

endothermic- heat is adding to solution(absorbing)

what are the four colligative properties

freezing point, boiling point, vapor pressure, osmotic pressu

how do non-volatile solute particles affect the boiling point of a solution

it raises the boiling point

how do non-volatile solute particles affect the freezing point of a solution

it lowers the freezing point

osmosis

when a solvent passes through a semipermeable membrane from lower concentration to higher concentration

do colligative properties change based on the number of particles or the type of particles

number of particles

which is NOT an electrolyte: acid, base, colloid or salt

colloid

what is the measure of the chance that particles escape from the surface of a solution called

vapor pressure

what is a mixture of metals called

alloy