Protestant Reformation, Scientific Revolution & French Revolution

Reformation

A 16th century movement for religious reform , leading to the founding of Christian churches that rejected the pope's authority

Salvation

Eternal happiness for one's soul

Indulgence

A church paper that says that a person will not be punished after death for their sins

Excommunicate

To say that someone can no longer be a member of a church

Predestination

The doctrine that God has decided all things beforehand, including which people will be eternally saved

Theocracy

Government controlled by religious leaders

Scientific method

A set of steps scientists follow for study

Geocentric Theory

In the middle ages, the earth-centered view of the universe in which scholars believed that the earth was an immovable object located at the center of the universe

Heliocentric Theory

The idea that the Earth and the other planets revolve around the sun

Theory

A statement that explains why or how something happens

Heretic

A person who holds a belief that a religious authority thinks is false

Enlightenment

An 18th-century European movement in which thinkers attempted to apply the principles of reason and the scientific method to all aspects of society

Absolute Monarch

A king or queen who has unlimited power and seeks to control all aspects of society

Reign of Terror

The period, from mid-1793 to mid-1794, when Maximilien Robespierre ruled France nearly as a dictator and thousands of political figures and ordinary citizens were executed

Guillotine

A machine for beheading people, used as a means of execution during the French Revolution

Censor/Censorship

The act of stopping a message from happening from getting into the hands of the public. This can be stopping literature, music, or any type of media from being published.

Revolution

A time of significant change