AP LANG WEEK 2 WORDS (and week 1)

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23 Terms

1
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appeal to authority

In a text, the reference to words, action, or beliefs of a person in authority as a means of supporting a claim, generalization, or conclusion.

2
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appositive

A noun or noun phrase that follows another noun immediately or defines or amplifies its meaning.

3
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argument

A carefully constructed, well-supported representation of how a writer sees an issue, problem, or subject

4
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arrangement

In a spoken or written text, the placement of ideas for effect.

5
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assonance

The repetition of vowel sounds in the stressed syllables of two or more adjacent words

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assumption

An opinion, a perspective, or a belief that a writer or speaker thinks the audience holds.

7
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asyndeton

The omission of conjunctions between related clauses-for example, "I came,I saw, I conquered."

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attitude

the manner in which an action is carried out

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audience

The person or persons who listen to a spoken text or read a written one and are capable of responding to it.

10
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begging of the question

The situation that results when a writer or speaker constructs an argument on an assumption that the audience does not accept.

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claim

The ultimate conclusion, generalization, or point that a syllogism or enthymeme expresses. The point, backed up by support, of an argument.

12
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allegory

A piece of visual or narrative media uses one thing to “stand in for” a different, hidden idea. It’s a little bit like an algebraic equation, like y = 2x, but in the form of art. Like in algebra, when we talk about meaning in allegory, we have two different variables we’re thinking about, but we don’t call them X and Y. Instead, we call them the tenor and the vehicle. A “tenor” is the “hidden” concept, object, idea, or ulterior meaning; and the “vehicle” is the word, image, or narrative in the story that “carries” it.

13
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alliteration

The repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning or in the middle of two or more adjacent words

14
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allusion

A reference to a written or spoken text to another text or to some particular body of knowledge

15
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anadiplosis

The repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause

16
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anaphora

The repetition of a group of words at the beginning of successive clauses

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anecdote

A brief narrative offered in a text to capture the audience's attention or to support a generalization or claim

18
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anticipated objection

The technique a writer or speaker uses in an argumentative text to address and answer objections, even though the audience has not had the opportunity to voice these objections

19
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antimetabole

The repetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order-for example, "You can take the boy out of the country, but you can't take the country out of the boy."

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antithesis

The juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas, often in parallel structure-for example, "Place your virtues on a pedestal; put your vices under a rock.”

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Anthimeria

The substitution of one part of speech for another-for example, "The poet says we 'milestone our lives."' or “The little old lady turtled down the road.”

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apologist

A person or character who makes a case for some controversial, even contentious, position.

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apology

An elaborate statement justifying some controversial, even contentious,position.