Heat and Temperature

Macroscopic properties

pressure, temperature, internal energy

Microscopic properties

position, velocity, momentum

Temperature

is a measure of how hot something is

[hotness or coldness of a system]

Heat 

is a form of energy that flows from a hotter object/substances to a cooler one [the energy that passes from one system to another]

Zerboth Law 

If A and B are in thermal equilibrium and if B and C are in thermal equilibrium then, C and A are also in thermal equilibrium

TA = TB = TC

1 cal

4.186 joules [j]

Specific heat

C =     𝑄  

        𝑚∆𝑇

Heat flow

is the rate at which energy leaves the hot end of the bar and arrives at the cold end of the bar

Thermal expansion

∆L/L = ∝ ∆𝑇