Nursing and the Healthcare Environment and Health and Wellness

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering nursing roles, historical influences, healthcare delivery systems, levels of prevention, and health behavior models.

What is defined as the independent nursing intervention without medical orders?

Autonomy

What nursing responsibility involves being responsible for the type and quality of care provided?

Accountability

In the role of personal caregiver, what is the nurse's objective?

To help the patient maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level of function and independence.

What is the nurse's role as an Advocate?

To protect human and legal rights and help the patient assert those rights by acting on their behalf.

What is the central element of the nurse-patient relationship?

Effective communication

Who is known as the "Lady of the Lamp" from the Crimean War?

Florence Nightingale

Which historical event occurred between $1860-1865$ that influenced nursing?

The Civil War

What are two contemporary influences on a nurse's self-care?

Compassion fatigue and burnout

What does the acronym HCAHPS stand for?

Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems

What are the five categories of Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)?

Economic stability, Neighborhood and built environment, Health care access and quality, Education access and quality, and Social and community context.

When does discharge planning begin for a patient in a hospital setting?

On admission

What are the three components used in Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) to make clinical decisions?

Best evidence, nurses' expertise, and patient preferences and values.

What are the two types of nursing research mentioned for obtaining new knowledge?

Translation Research and Outcomes Research

What nursing action is mandatory when caring for patients who are suspected of being abused?

Mandatory reporting

What is the primary focus of community-based health care?

Primary care

What are the levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs starting from the base?

Physiological, Safety and security, Love and belonging needs, Self-esteem, and Self-actualization.

According to Maslow, what are the specific physiological needs?

Oxygen, Fluids, Nutrition, temperature, Elimination, Shelter, and Sex.

Which internal variables influence health beliefs and practices?

Developmental Stage, Intellectual Background, Perception of Functioning, Emotional Factors, and Spiritual Factors.

What is the goal of Primary Prevention?

To reduce the incidence of disease through health promotion, wellness education, and illness prevention activities.

What is the goal of Secondary Prevention?

Early diagnosis, prompt treatment, and limiting disability to reduce the risk of complications.

What are examples of nonmodifiable risk factors?

Age, Gender, Genetics, and Family history.

Define a Chronic Disease.

A disease that lasts more than $6$ months, is irreversible, and affects functioning in one or more body systems.

In the Transtheoretical Model of Change, what is the definition of the Preparation stage?

Making small changes in preparation for a change in the next month.

How long is a person actively engaged in strategies to change behavior during the Action stage?

Up to $6$ months.

What are the external variables that influence illness behavior?

Visibility of symptoms, social group, cultural background, economic variables, accessibility to the healthcare system, and social support.