behavior change and motivational interviewing

what is the goal of nutrition counseling and education?

changing behavior

what are common barriers to change?

finances

perceived lack of time

lack of preparation

low motivation

inadequate support

which model of behavior change identifies perceived barriers and focuses on a disease/condition and benefits of change?

health belief model

which model of behavior change believes that behavior is shaped by environment?

social cognitive theory

which model of behavior change believes that intentions are precursors to behaviors?

theory of planned behavior

which model of behavior change believes that there are 6 stages of change and patients are constantly moving between stages?

transtheoretical model of change

which type of counseling strategy identifies and changes erroneous perceptions of the self, environment, and behavioral consequences?

cognitive behavioral therapy

which type of counseling strategy allows client to identify behavioral goals by encouraging a conversation about ambivalence to change (how would they live to behave and how are they behaving)?

motivational interviewing

which counseling strategy relies on open ended questions?

motivational interviewing

what is the 4 step approach to a patient who is "not ready to change"?

problem recognition

concern

intention to change?

optimism

what is the approach to a patient who is "unsure about change"?

build readiness to change

encourage pt to explore ambivalence to change

encourage pros and cons list

what is the approach to a patient who is "ready to change"?

set goals

help pt create plan (TOGETHER; avoid telling them what to do)

follow up to hold pt accountable

what is william haddon's injury preventional model?

no such thing as an accident

injuries are an epidemic

host, vector, or environmental cause

what are the 3 types of interventions that you can do by using the haddon matrix model?

pre event

event

post event

what is a main injury problem for the elderly and the young?

falls

which type of factors can be modified to reduce fall risk that are related to the persons' general health status?

intrinsic

which type of factors can be modified to reduce fall risk that are related to the surrounding environmental hazards?

external

what can reduce fall risk for children?

parental supervision

protective equipment (helmet)

awareness of hazards at home and playground

which type of transportation causes more injuries than cars?

motorcycles

what improvements have reduced automobile injuries in the last 20 years?

seatbelt laws

drunk driving laws

improved car design

speed reduction initiatives

helmet laws and education

how can you reduce transportation injury as a provider?

test eyesight, coordination, and interfering health conditions

promote seat belts and helmets

educate about drunk driving

what is the leading cause of death for children under 5 yo?

drowning

how can we prevent drowning?

screen parents about water access and pool safety

teach children to swim early

educate parents on resuscitation and safe bathing practices

who is more likely to die from drug poisoning?

20-50 yo men

what are the most common drugs associated with poisoning?

benzos

tylenol

why would young children experience drug poisonings?

incorrect administration by parents

what are common causes of drug poisoning in children?

food

alcohol

pesticides

how can we prevent drug poisoning in children?

reduce access

keep cleaning agents out of reach

label containers clearly

follow med instructions

learn immediate poisoning management

who is most likely to get a sports injury?

young males

while lots of sports injuries are unavoidable, severity can be reduced through what?

prevention - ankle strapping, shin pads, mouth guards, helmets

who more commonly commits suicide?

young males

who more commonly is hospitalized for self harm?

young females

overall as providers, how can be prevent injury in patient care?

help pts see injuries as preventable

injury management as lifestyle medicine

review meds and mobility often in elderly pts

be aware of suicide risk factors

opportunistic counseling

encourage identification of hazards

provide resources