HISTORY {PART 1}

What is modern nationalism in India connected to?

The anti-colonial movement.

How did people discover their unity in India?

Through their struggle against colonialism.

What did the Congress under Mahatma Gandhi try to do?

Unite different classes and groups within one movement.

When did the First World War begin?

1914

How did the First World War affect India's defence expenditure?

Defence expenditure increased.

What happened to custom duties and income tax during the war?

Custom duties were raised and income tax was introduced.

What happened to food-grain prices between 1913 and 1918?

The food grain prices doubled.

What happened to villagers during the war?

They were forcibly recruited into the army.

What problems did India face after the war?

Industrial losses, food shortages and the influenza epidemic

When did Mahatma Gandhi return to India from South Africa?

January 1915.

What was Satyagraha?

Gandhi's method of movement and protest based on truth and non-violence.

What did Satyagraha emphasise?

The power of truth.

How could a Satyagrahi win a battle according to Gandhi?

Through non-violence, without being aggressive.

Where did Gandhi go in 1917 to support peasants?

Champaran in Bihar.

What was Gandhi's purpose at Champaran?

To inspire peasants to struggle against the oppressive plantation system.

Where did Gandhi organise a Satyagraha in 1917 because of crop failure and plague?

Kheda district of Gujarat.

Whom did Gandhi support in Ahmedabad in 1918?

Cotton mill workers.