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define a galaxy
a large collection of stars and matter held together by gravity
What is the Steady State Theory about?
the universe is always expanding whilst maintaining its density and creating matter
1st event of the Big bang
the universe begins as extremely small hot and dense
2nd event of the big bang
the universe expands and cools
3rd event of the big bang
protons electrons and neutrons come into existence
4th event of the big bang
atoms appear starting with hydrogen and helium
5th event of the big bang
energy in the form of radiation appears
6th event of the big bang
galaxies form from clouds of gas
7th event of the big bang
our sun forms then the planets around it
8th event of the big bang
Earth develops its atmosphere and life begins
What are the evidences for the big bang
Red shift and cosmic background radiation
What is red shift?
when galaxies and stars appear red because they are moving away from us causing the light wavelengths to lengthen and appear red.
What is cosmic background radiation?
the electromagnetic background radiation leftover from the big bang.
Life cycle of a high mass star
Nebula, protostar, main sequence star, red supergiant, supernova, high mass stars turn into neutron stars and very massive stars turn into black hole
Define black hole
an object with a strong gravitational pull that nothing not even light can escape it.
how did stars and galaxies form since the big bang
when vast clouds of gas and dust collapsed under their own gravitational pull stars were formed
What are the 4 spheres of the earth?
lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere
Describe the lithosphere
the solid, outer part of Earth including the brittle upper portion of the mantle and the crust.
describe the hydrosphere
includes all water, in all forms on, under and over Earth's surface
describe the atmosphere
It is a mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth
Describe the biosphere
is a global ecosystem composed of living organisms
explain the carbon cycle
define gravity
the force of attraction that pulls any 2 objects together in the space
explain the life cycle of a medium-low mass star
nebula, protostar, main sequence star, red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf, black dwarf
State the conversion from km to Light years as being an appropriate scale for distances in space
Light travels 9.7 trillion km in a earth year and is the speed at which something becomes visible to us.
what is the big bang theory
the universe began with an infinitely hot and dense single point that inflated to form the expanding universe
what is the square kilometre array.
the worlds largest radio telescope that collects data from the universe
