Review Sheet

What are the different types of cerebral palsy?

spastic

ataxic

dyskinetic

dystonic

rigidity

Define spastic cerebral palsy

hypertonia

resistance to passive movement increases with increased velocity

Define ataxic cerebral palsy

decreased coordination

unsteadiness

Define dyskinetic cerebral palsy

unpredictable changes in muscle tone

unstable posture

Define dystonic cerebral palsy

hypertonia

tonic hold of muscles

Define rigidity cerebral palsy

hypertonia

least common

resistance at low speeds

If the V/Q (Ventilation/Perfusion) ratio decreases?

cyanosis

nail discoloration

For a flexor tendon repair describe the immobilization

immobilization in flexion

For flexor tendon repair describe what happens during early rehab?

passive flexion

active extension

For extensor tendon repair describe the immobilization

immobilization in extension

For extensor tendon repair describe the early rehab

active flexion

passive extension

Describe MRI vs X Ray

MRI: Gold standard

X Ray: fracture and lung congestion

What imaging view is best for identifying spondylolysis?

oblique view

What classic sign is associated with spondylolysis on imaging?

scotty dog

What imaging view is best for identifying spondylolisthesis?

lateral view

What is spondylolisthesis?

forward slippage of one vertebra on another

What is the Braden Scale used for?

predict risk of pressure ulcers

What score indicates severe risk of pressure ulcers based on the Braden Scale?

less than 9

What score indicates high risk for pressure ulcers based on the Braden Scale?

10-12

What score indicates moderate risk of pressure ulcer on Braden Scale?

13-14

What score indicates mild risk for pressure ulcers on the Braden Scale?

15-18

What are the six components of the Braden Scale?

sensory perception

moisture

activity

mobility

nutrition

friction & shear

What does sensory perception assess in the Braden Scale?

ability to respond to pressure related discomfort

What is the score 1 (worse) for sensory perception on the Braden Scale mean?

completely limited

unresponsive to pain

What does a score of 4 (best) on the Braden scale mean?

no impairment

What does the moisture aspect of the braden scale assess?

degree skin is exposed to moisture

What does a score of 1 mean for moisture on the braden scale?

constantly moist

What does a score of 4 for moisture on the braden scale mean?

rarely moist

What does the activity component of the Braden scale assess?

level of physical activity

What does a score of 1 on the activity component of the braden scale mean?

bedfast

What does a score of 4 for the activity part of the braden scale mean?

walks frequently

What does the mobility section of the braden scale mean?

ability to change body position

What does a score of 1 on the mobility part of the braden scale mean?

completely immobile

What does a score of 4 mean on the mobility section of the braden scale?

no limitations

What does the nutrition section of the braden scale assess?

usual food intake pattern

What does a score of 1 mean on the nutrition part of the braden scale?

very poor intake

What does a score of 4 mean for the nutrition part of the braden scale?

excellent intake

What does the friction & shear part of the braden scale assess?

degree of skin injury risk from movement

What does a score of 1 for the friction & shear part of the braden scale mean?

problem

requires max assist

frequent sliding

What does a score of 3 mean for the friction & shear part of the braden scale?

no apparent problem

What total score on the braden scale indicates high risk for pressure ulcers?

less than 12