How Germany’s allies were treated at the end of WW1?

Treaty of St Germain (Austria)

Date : 10 September 1919. Land : land was taken to create new countries Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. Reparations : agreed in principal but the amount was never fixed. Military restrictions : 30 000 in army, no conscriptions, no navy. Other terms : forbidden to unite with Germany

Treaty of Neuilly (Bulgaria)

Date : 27 November 1919. Land : lost land to Yugoslavia and Greece. Reparations : £100 million. Military restrictions : 20 000 in army, no conscriptions, no air force, only 4 battleships

Treaty of Trianon (Hungary)

Date : 4 June 1920. Land : lost land to Romania, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Austria. Reparations : agreed in principal but the amount was never fixed. Military restrictions : 30 000 in army, no conscription, only 3 patrol boats

Treaty of Sèvres (Turkey)

Date : 10 August 1920. Land : split up the Turkish Empire, Turkey lost nearly all its land in Europe. Reparations : none. Military restrictions : 50 000 in army, 7 sailboats, six torpedo boats. Other terms : Dardanelles and Bosphore straits were opened to other countries

Impact of the treaties

The Austrian and Hungarian economies collapsed in 1921 from losing land. People in Turkey rioted over the Treaty of Sèvres, the British replaced it with the Treaty of Lausanne in July 1923. Proved that the treaties could not be enforced and showed Britain was willing to undermine the treaties. East Europe was divided into lots of small countries instead of being controlled by the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Problems faced by the new states

Poland was re-established as an independent country (was divided into other countries in the 1700s). It was given land previously owned by Germany. Germans living in the new country were unhappy and Russia argued about Poland’s eastern borders. Poland had no natural borders, couldn’t be defended easily. Germany was split by the Polish Corridor - a strip of land that gave Poland access to the sea. Meant that Poland owned land where German people lived, they weren’t happy to find out that they had a new nationality. Germany was weakened since they were split in two and caused bitterness towards Poland