Unit 5: Materials Engineering

fluctuation

(n) /ˌflʌk.tʃuˈeɪ.ʃən/ a change, or the process of changing, especially continuously between one level or thing and another (sự biến động)

longevity

(n.) long life, long duration, length of life

fracture

(v) /ˈfræk.tʃɚ/ to break (a bone) (gãy, rạn nứt)

simulate

(v) /ˈsɪm.jə.leɪt/ to do or make something that looks real but is not real (mô phỏng)

durability

(n) /ˌdʊr.əˈbɪl.ə.t̬i/ ability of an item to last a long time (tính bền)

concur

(v) to agree or have the same opinion

drip

(v) fall in the shape of a small drop of liquid (chảy nhỏ giọt)

mixture

(n) a liquid or other substance made by combining several substances together (hỗn hợp)

crush

(v) press something so hard that it breaks or is damaged (đè nát)

at a standstill

be in a situation where there is no movement or activity (sự dừng lại)

predictably

behaving or happening in the way you expect

echo

(v) match what has already been said or done or has occurred (lặp lại)

brittle

(adj) /ˈbrɪt̬.əl/ hard and rigid but can be easily broken into many small pieces (dễ vỡ)

ductile

(adj) /ˈdʌk.tɪl/ can be pressed or pulled into shape without breaking (dễ uốn)

calibrated

(v) /ˈkæl.ə.breɪt/ adjusted very carefully and precisely to a specific standard

nonrenewable

a resource that cannot be replaced

advantageous

giving advantages or helping to make you more successful

emission

the production and discharge of something, especially gas or radiation

novel

(adj) new and original, not like anything seen before (mới lạ)

legislate

(v) /ˈledʒ.ə.sleɪt/ to make or enact laws (lập pháp)

component

(n) /kəmˈpoʊ.nənt/ A part or element of a larger whole. (bộ phận cấu thành)

reduction

the act of making something, or of something becoming, smaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc

comprehensive

(agj) /ˌkɑːm.prəˈhen.sɪv/ complete and including everything that is necessary (bao hàm toàn diện)

forecast

(n) a description of what is likely to happen in the future, based on the information you have now

generate

produce or make something

integrated

combined

array

(n) /əˈreɪ/ a variety of people or things that are related in some way (mảng)

converted

(v) /kənˈvɝːt/ changed into a different form, or changed into something that can be used for a different purpose or in a different way (chuyển đổi)

economical

not costing a lot of money

enhance

to improve

to carry a risk

might be dangerous

filter

(n) A device used to remove contamination from a fluid. (máy lọc)

contamination

(n) the process of becoming unclean (sự ô nhiễm)

promising

(adj) /ˈprɑː.mɪ.sɪŋ/
likely to develop positively (đầy triển vọng)

viable

(adj) /ˈvaɪ.ə.bəl/ that can be done; that will be successful (khả thi)

nourish

(v) /ˈnɝː.ɪʃ/ to feed; to support or make grow (nuôi dưỡng)

outlet

(n) a pipe or hole through which liquid or gas can flow out (chỗ thoát nước)

noteworthy

(adj) /ˈnoʊtˌwɝː.ði/ deserving to be noticed or to receive attention because it is unusual, important or interesting (đáng chú ý)

algae

(n) /ˈæl.dʒiː/ plans without roots, stems or leaves that grow in or near water (tảo)

aforementioned

(adj) mentioned before in an earlier part of a document, article, book etc. (đã nói ở trên)

biofuel

(n) /ˈbaɪ.oʊˌfjuː.əl/ an energy source made from plant and animal waste, such as cow manure (nhiên liệu sinh học)

landfill

(n) a place where waste is buried under the ground (bãi rác)

accumulate

(v) /əˈkjuː.mjə.leɪt/ to gradually increase in numbers or amount until there is a large quantity in one place (tích lũy)

common practice

a standard or typical routine or ritual

holding back

prevent the advancement or progress of something (giữ lại)

revisions

(n) /rɪˈvɪʒ.ən/ changes made with the aim of improving something (sự sửa lại)

breaks down

separates or divides something into smaller quantities (phá vỡ)

aesthetic

(adj) /esˈθet̬.ɪk/ concerned with beauty and art and the understanding of beautiful things (tính thẩm mỹ)

filling

(n) a small amount of metal or other material used to fill a hole in a tooth (sự hàn răng)

composed of

to be made or formed from several parts, things or people

orthopedic

(adj) connected with the branch of medicine concerned with injuries and diseases of the bones or muscles (chỉnh hình)

denture

(n) /ˈden.tʃɚ/ An artificial tooth or a set of artificial teeth (răng giả)

position

(n) an opinion on or an attitude towards a particular subject

deterioration

(n) /dɪˌtɪr.i.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ the process of becoming worse

(sự làm xấu đi)

versatility

(n) ability to do many things (tính đa năng)

alloy

(n) /ˈæl.ɔɪ/ a metal that is a mixture of two or more metals, or of a metal and a substance that is not metal (hợp kim)

vulcanize

(v) /ˈvʌl.kə.naɪzd/ to make rubber stronger using a special chemical treatment (lưu hóa)

thermoplastic

(n) /ˌθɝː.moʊˈplæstɪk/ a plastic that is soft and bendable when heated but hard when cold (nhựa nhiệt dẻo)