James-Lange Theory

emotions are the result of physiological reactions to events.

James-Lange Theory

emotions are the result of physiological reactions to events.

Relative deprivation principle

We feel deprived or unfairly treated when we see others doing better than us — even if we’re actually doing okay.

Cannon-Bard theory

Emotions and bodily responses happen at the same time — not one after the other.

Catharsis 

emotional release people experience after expressing strong feelings, especially negative ones like anger, sadness, or fear.

Social reciprocity theory

idea that people tend to respond to others in kind — if someone does something nice for you, you feel a natural urge to return the favor.

Two-factor hypothesis

Emotion is based on two factors:

1. Physical arousal (what your body feels), and

2. Cognitive interpretation (how you mentally label or explain that arousal).

Facial feedback hypothesis

your facial expressions can influence your emotions — not just reflect them.