Calgary-Cambridge Commmunication Skills (Micro Skills)

what are the preparation microskills? (2)

-set aside last task, attend to self-comfort to move forward

-focus attention and prepare for consultation

what are the ‘establishing initial rapport’ micro-skills? (3)

-greet client and patient; obtain names

-introduce self, role, and nature of visit; obtains consent if necessary

-demonstrates respect and interest; attend to client and patient’s physical comfort

what are the ‘identifying reasons for consultation’ microskills? (4)

-identify problem list or issues client to discuss

-listen attentively to the client’s opening statement without interrupting or directing client’s response

-confirm list and screens for further problems

-negotiate agenda: take both perspectives into account

what are the three categories of initiating the session?

-prep

-establishing initial rapport

-identify reasons for consultation

what are the ‘exploration of problem’ micro skills? (8)

-encourage client to tell story of problem

-use open & closed ended questions to get appropriate details

-listen attentively

-facilitate client’s responses verbally and non-verbally

-clarify client’s statements

-periodically summarize

-use concise, easily understood questions & comments

-establish sequence & dates of events

what are the additional micro-skills used to identify the client’s perspective? (2)

-actively determine and explore: ideas, concerns, expectations, HAB

-encourage client to express feelings

what is the overarching category while gathering info?

-exploration of problem

what are the ‘making organization overt’ micro-skills? (2)

-summarize at the end of a specific line of inquiry: confirm understanding

-progress from section to another by sign-posting and transition statements

what are the ‘attend to flow’ micro-skills? (2)

-structure interviews in a logical sequence

-attend to timing and keep interview on task w

what are the categories within ‘providing structure to consultation’?

-making organization overt

-attend to flow

What are the categories within ‘building a relationship’?

-Using appropriate nonverbal behavior

-developing rapport

-involving the client

What are the appropriate nonverbal behavior micro skills? (3)

– Demonstrate appropriate nonverbal behavior: eye, contact, posture, expressions, vocal cues

– Use reading, notes, and computer appropriately

- Demonstrate appropriate confidence

What are the developing report to micro-skills? (4)

– Except legitimacy of client’s views: non-judgmental

– Use empathy to communicate understanding, acknowledge client’s point of view

– Provide support

– Deal sensitively with embarrassing or disturbing topics

What are the ‘involving the client’ micro skills? (3)

– share thinking with client to encourage involvement

– Explain rationale for questions or physical exam

– Explain process,and findings when doing physical exam

What are the ‘providing the correct amount and type of information’ micro-skills?

- chunk and checks

– Assess client starting point

– Ask client what other information would be helpful

– Give Explanation at appropriate times: avoid giving advice prematurely

Definition:

Chunk and check

– Give information in manageable chunks

– Check for understanding

– Use client response as a guide

What are the ‘aiding accurate recall and understanding’ micro-skills? (6)

-organize explanation

-use explicity categorization or sign posting

-use repition and summarize to reinforce info

-use concise, easily understood language

-use visual methods of conveying info

-check client’s understanding of info given

what are the ‘incorporating the client’s perspective’ microskills? (4)

-relate explanations to client’s perspective

-provide opportunity/encourages client to contribute

-recognize and respond to verbal and nonverbal cues

-elicit client’s belief, reactions, and feelings

what is the purpose of incorporating the client’s perspective in info gathering?

-achieving shared understanding

what are the ‘planning’ micro-skills? (6)

-share own thoughts

-involve client

-explore management options

-ascertains level of involvement client wishes

-negotiate mutually acceptable plan

-check with client

what is the purpose of including client’s in the planning process?

– Shared decision-making

What are ‘the discussing opinion and significance of problem’ micro skills? (5)

– Offer opinion of what is going on

– Reveal rationale for opinion

– Explain, caution, serious news, outcome, and short and long-term consequences

– Check clients understanding

– Ask for client’s beliefs, reactions, and concerns

What are the ‘discussing investigations and procedures’ micro skills? (3)

-provide clear information and procedures

– Related procedures to treatment plan

– Encourage questions, and expression of thoughts

What are categories for explanation and planning? (7)

– Providing the correct amount and type of information

- aiding accurate recall and understanding

– Incorporating the client’s perspective

-planning

– discuss opinion and significance of problem

– Negotiating mutual plan of action

– Discussing investigations and procedures

What are the two categories in closing the session?

– Forward planning

– Ensuring appropriate point of closure

What are the ‘forward planning’ micro-skills? (2)

– Contract with client

– Safety net

What are the ‘ensuring appropriate point of closure’ micro skills? (2)

-Summarize session and clarify plan of care

– Final check that the client agrees and is comfortable with the plan final questions