A. ORGANIZATIONAL THEORY 20% - 20 ITEMS

What is the main purpose of Industrial/Organizational Psychology?

To enhance the dignity and performance of human beings and the organizations they work in by advancing the science and knowledge of human behavior.

What does the Industrial Approach in I/O Psychology focus on?

Determining the competencies needed to perform a job, staffing the organization with employees who have those competencies, and increasing those competencies through training.

What is Personnel Psychology concerned with?

The selection and evaluation of employees, including analyzing jobs, recruiting applicants, selecting employees, determining salary levels, training employees, and evaluating performance.

What are the two types of ethical dilemmas in I/O Psychology?

Type A, with high uncertainty and no best solution, and Type B, where right and wrong are clearer but may be rationalized for personal advantage.

What does the Scalar Principle refer to in organizational theory?

The chain of command that grows with added levels to the organization, where each level has its own degree of authority and responsibility.

What are the Four Major Structural Principles of organizations?

Functional Principle, Scalar Principle, Line/Staff Principle, and Span of Control.

What is the Classical Organizational Theory primarily focused on?

Structural relationships in organizations, asserting there is one best way to achieve productivity goals.

What are the Four Principles of Scientific Management proposed by Frederick Taylor?

1. Science, Not Rule-of-Thumb; 2. Scientific Selection and Training of Workers; 3. Cooperation Between Management and Workers; 4. Equal Division of Work and Responsibility.

What are the main characteristics of a Bureaucratic Organization?

Specialization of labor, well-defined authority hierarchy, formal rules and procedures, and impersonality.

What is the focus of Administrative Theory according to Henri Fayol?

The organization and structure of work tasks and how management and workers are organized to complete tasks.

What does POSDCORB stand for in management functions?

Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting, and Budgeting.

What is the function of 'Unity of Command' in Administrative Theory?

Each subordinate should report to only one superior to ensure clarity and accountability.

What does 'Esprit de Corps' refer to in an organization?

A sense of belonging within the organization, promoting team spirit and camaraderie.

What is the Organizational Theory's definition?

A set of propositions that explains or predicts how groups and individuals behave in varying organizational structures and circumstances.

What are the criticisms of Classical Organizational Theory?

Neglect of informal groups, overlooking outside factors, lack of concern for humanistic elements, and assumptions of a single best configuration.