APUSH Chapter 2 Review

What 2 states are the Chesapeake?

Virginia and Maryland

What kind of colony was Jamestown?

Charter (started by a joint-stock company)

When was the Starving Time?

Winter 1609-1610

Who introduced tobacco to Jamestown?

John Rolfe

Why did King James I hate tobacco?

It was vile and caused disease

What was the endless cycle of tobacco?

Colonists made $, exhausted the land, expanded, conflict with natives

Why didn't the head right system work?

No one wanted to work and it was too risky and dangerous

Why did the head right system benefit the wealthy?

They could afford to import people and get more land

How did tobacco lead to conflict with the natives,?

The natives didn't agree with how the settlers were using the land and they were forced to work

What 2 important events happened in 1619?

The House of Burgesses (VA) was formed and the first group of African skates arrived in America

Which state was a safe haven for Catholics?

Maryland

Who founded Maryland?

The 2nd Lord Baltimore

What did the Act of Toleration do?

Open up religious freedom to all Christians

Why was the Act of Toleration made?

Because Catholics were still being persecuted

When and where was Bacon's Rebellion?

Virginia 1676

Why did Bacon's Rebellion happen?

The people in the west weren't allowed to settle past a certain point and they were underrepresented in the HOB

Name 3 reasons why Bacon's Rebellion was significant.

1. Movement toward slaves

2. 1st instances of class distinction + warfare

3. Showed tensions between rich/east + poor/west

What's the difference between Pilgrims and Puritans?

Pilgrims were Separatists and Puritans were reformers

What did the Scrooby Separatists do?

They stayed in England for awhile, moved to the Netherlands, but didn't like it there

Why was the Mayflower Compact an important step for future governing documents?

It introduced constitutional gov't led by majority rule

Who was the governor of Plymouth?

William Bradford

Who led the Puritans and where did they settle?

John Winthrop; Massachusetts Bay

Name 4 Puritan beliefs

1. Predestination

2. focusing on the Bible

3. "City upon a hill"

4. No religious freedom for others

Who was allowed to vote in Puritan communities?

only church members (combination of church and state)

Who founded Connecticut?

Thomas Hooker

What was the constitution for Connecticut?

Fundamental Orders

Name 3 beliefs of Roger Williams

1. Puritans should become Separatists

2. separation of church and state

3. paying natives for land

What colony did he start and what did it have?

Rhode Island; religious freedom

How did Anne Hutchinson challenge the clergy?

She said they might not be elect and that everyone had the inner light so they could read the Bible themselves

What caused the Pequot War?

Conflict over land and trade

Which war lasted for several years?

King Phillip's War (1675)

What was the turning point of King Phillip's War?

When Metacomet was killed by Mowhawks

How was Carolina similar to Maryland?

Headright system and religious toleration to all Christians

Compare North and South Carolina.

North-poor farmers, isolated

South - wealthy aristocratic plantations (slavery)

What kind of colony was NJ?

A proprietor colony that became a royal one

What was the main occupation of most people in NJ?

Farmers

Name 2 religious beliefs of Quakers

1. inner light

2. anyone can be saved

What were 2 progressive ideas of the Quakers?

1. Women had rights in the church

2. Pacifists (no war)

How did Quaker meetings work?

Everyone was quiet until someone was moved by the Holy Spirit

What kind of colony was PA?

proprietor

What was unique about the Quakers?

They paid natives for land and were anti-slavery

What are some similarities between William Penn and Roger Williams?

They both started colonies based on religious freedom and were persecuted

What was the most important crop in the Caribbean?

Sugarcane

Slave codes

laws about the treatment of slaves

Name 3 labor-intensive crops?

Sugar, tobacco, and cotton

What 3 things did the Spanish do in their relations with natives?

1. converted them to Christianity

2. traded with them

3. intermarried

Why was Georgia founded?

1. as a buffer state between the English and Spanish

2. a safe haven for debtors

How did French interact with Natives?

made allies/traded

How did the colonists get around the Navigation Acts?

just ignored them because it was hard for the gov't to enforce them

What were 2 parts of the Navigation Acts?

Colonists could only trade with and send certain goods to England

What were 2 benefits of the Navigation Acts to the colonies?

Shipbuilding blossomed and the lumber and iron industries grew

What was a negative of the Navigation Acts?

It stifled the colonies' economic growth

Who created the Dominion of England

James II

Who was the governor over the Dominion of England?

Sir Edmund Andros

Why did a lot of colonists hate Andros?

He strictly enforced the Navigation Acts

Who became the ruler(s) when James II was overthrown?

William and Mary

What two colonies were combined after the Glorious Revolution?

Massachusetts and Plymouth (royal colony)

Who overthrew the leader of NY?

Jacob Leisler

What did J. Leisler demonstrate in his revolt?

the tensions between the lower class and the wealthy

What was the purpose of most 17th century English settlements?

business ventures

Name 2 reasons why settlers chose Jamestown's location.

1. easy to defend

2. easy to get in and out of the ports

Who was John Smith's successor?

De La Warr

Which company used the headright system?

Virginia Company

What did the Powhatans do in March 1622?

Attacked and killed 347 colonists

What year did the Powhatans finally give up?

1644

What was the first village in Maryland?

St. Mary's

What were the natives in Maryland like?

They befriended the settlers and helped them

What kind of gov't did the Puritans have?

theocracy (church and state are together)

Who heavily influenced the Fundamental Constitution for Carolina?

John Locke

How many colonies made up the Dominion?

6