Cell Respiration Terms - Accel Biology 9th Grade 2025 Mr. Null

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ATP

(Adenosine Triphosphate) cellular energy source

Anabolic

A process in which large molecules are built from small molecules

Aerobic

requires oxygen

Anaerobic

without oxygen

ATP-ase

enzyme which breaks down ATP into ADP- P and assist in phosphorylation

ATP synthase

enzyme that adds a high-energy phosphate group to ADP to form ATP

Catabolic

A process in which large molecules are broken down

Chemiosmosis

the use of energy in a H+ gradient to drive cellular work

Cristae

folds in the inner membrane of mitochondria

Endergonic

A chemical reaction that requires the input of energy in order to proceed.

Exergonic

Chemical reactions that release energy

FADH2

A molecule that stores energy for harvest by the electron transport chain.

Hydrogen Ion (H+)

an atom of hydrogen that has lost its electron

Matrix

Innermost compartment of the mitochondrion

NADH

the reduced form of NAD+; an electron-carrying molecule that functions in cellular respiration

Phosphorylation

The metabolic process of introducing a phosphate group into an organic molecule.