World History II, WWI

Key: strikethrough = not on exam but may be helpful for making connections

Czar Nicholas

The last emperor of Russia, imprisoned and murdered (Bolshevik Revolution)

Easter Rising

An armed insurrection in Dublin against British rule

The Fundamentals

Reasserted the authority of the Bible in the early 1900s

“Fourteen Points”

Made by President Woodrow Wilson

What constituted the German/British rivalry before WWI?

Germany embarked on a great naval building program, troubling Britain. European balance of power was upset.

What did France want around the time of WWI?

Vengeance and the return of the Alsace-Lorraine area.

The Austria-Hungary dual monarchy despised what nation?

The kingdom of Serbia. (The feeling was mutual.)

What lapse after Bismarck’s departure?

A German treaty with Russia.

What country shared in the two humiliations Austria inflicted on Serbia?

Russia, because it failed to help its fellow Slavic nation.

What was the immediate cause of WWI?

The murder of Austria’s Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie after their driver made a wrong turn.

Who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand?

Gavrillo Princip, a member of the Black Hand. (He was a pan-Slav fanatic.)

What sort of communication did Austria receive from Germany?

A "blank check" assurance of unconditional support for Austria's actions against Serbia.

Germany’s “Schlieffen Plan”

A major offensive to defeat France quickly. They invaded neutral Belgium to get to France.

The Triple Entente

Britain, France, Russia

The Central Powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey (aka the Ottoman Empire)

Total war

The entire society is mobilized for the war effort.

Trench warfare

Characterized several fronts, but especially the Western Front in France.

T/F: Great Britain’s blockade failed to hinder the Central Powers

False

“Sign up with your pals”

The British recruiting motto.

What set the pattern for trench warfare?

Retreating Germans digging massive networks of trenches at the First Battle of Marne.

The Lusitania

An ocean liner that departed from pier 54 in New York and was torpedoed off the Irish coast.

T/F: the Battle of the Somme River was the bloodiest day in British history.

True

T/F: Germany’s U-boat policy of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare (USW) was the key point for US intervention

True

The Zimmerman Note

A proposition that Mexico should ally with Germany. Was published in US newspapers and enflamed public opinion.

When does Vladimir Lenin and the communists take power in Russia?

During the Bolshevik Revolution

What was the key principle of Wilson’s 14-Point Address?

“Self-determination”

What was the one specific goal of Wilson’s 14-Point Address?

A League of Nations

Kaiserschlacht

“Emperor’s battle”

Why did General Erich Ludendorff prepare for a decisive offensive?

To secure a quick victory before enough US forces could land in France.

T/F: Ludendorff rold the Kaiser that peace negotiations should be opened before the situation got worse.

True

Meuse Argonne

The front where US troops engaged.

What marked the end of WWI?

The signing of the Armistice at the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month.

Who sold out the frontline troops after WWI ended?

Traitors among German politicians

What error did Wilson make in crafting the Treaty of Versailles?

He failed to include even one Republican senator in his delegation, ignoring the majority opposition party.

T/F: Wilson’s ideas were readily shared by the other powers.

False

Paris Peace Talks

The victorious powers meeting at the palace of Versailles

Until Germany accepted the Treaty of Versailles…

… a blockade (including food) continued.

What are two things the US never did?

1) Never ratified the Treaty of Versailles

2) Never joined the League of Nations

The Treaty of Berlin

A US treaty that formally concluded war with Germany

T/F: In the Amenian Genocide, the Turkish govt. deported 1.8 M Amenians to Syria/Mesopotamia in a forced exodus, and many died to starvation or killed by Turkish soldiers/police.

True