Systemic Anatomy - The Nervous System

lecture and lab material

What is the soma of a neuron cell?

The soma is the cell body of a neuron.

What are Nissl bodies?

Nissl bodies refer to the specialized clusters of endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes found in the soma of neurons.

What are dendrites?

Dendrites are the branched processes of neurons that receive stimuli from other neurons or from receptors/stimuli.

What is the axon hillock?

The axon hillock refers to the initial segment of a neuronal axon.

What is an axon?

An axon is the neuronal process that sends signals to other neurons or effectors.

What is the neurolemma of a myelinated neuron?

Neurolemma refers to the outer membrane of a myelinated neuronal axon.

What is a Schwann cell?

Schwann cells produce the myelin sheaths that surround neurons of the peripheral nervous system. Each Schwann cell wraps around only one neuron, but one neuron can be myelinated by multiple Schwann cells.

Identify the cell body and nucleus of a giant multipolar neuron.

Identify the cell processes of a giant multipolar neuron.

Identify the neuroglia around a giant multipolar neuron.

Identify a pyramidal neuron cell.

Identify a Purkinje neuron cell.

Identify an astrocyte.

Identify a neuron associated with an astrocyte.

Identify a blood vessel associated with an astrocyte.

Identify the dorsal horn.

Identify the anterior horn.

Identify the lateral horn.

Identify the anterior funiculus/columns.

Identify the lateral funiculus/columns.

Identify the posterior funiculus/columns.

Identify the ventral median fissure.

Identify the dorsal median sulcus.

Identify the gray commissure.

Identify the central canal.

Identify the dorsal root ganglion.

Identify the unipolar cell bodies of the dorsal root ganglion.

Identify the satellite cells of the dorsal root ganglion.

Identify the myelinated axon of the dorsal root ganglion.

Identify the spinal nerve.

Identify the dorsal root nerve.

Identify the anterior root nerve.

Identify the ventral ramus of a spinal nerve.

Identify the dorsal ramus of a spinal nerve.

Identify the white rami communicantes of a spinal nerve

Identify the gray rami communicantes of a spinal nerve.

Identify the sympathetic chain of the spinal cord and its trunk and ganglia.

Identify the frontal lobe.

Identify the parietal lobe.

Identify the occipital lobe.

Identify the temporal lobe.

Identify the longitudinal fissure.

Identify the lateral fissure.

Identify the parieto-occipital fissure/sulcus.

Identify the lateral ventricles.

Identify the third ventricle.

Identify the fourth ventricle.

Identify the cerebral aqueduct.

Identify the central sulcus.

Identify the precentral gyrus.

Identify the postcentral gyrus.

Identify the cingulate gyrus.

Identify the corpus callosum.

Identify the anterior commissure.

Identify the posterior commissure.

Identify the septum pellucidum.

Identify the thalamus.

Identify the hypothalamus.

Identify the pituitary gland.

Identify the epithalamus.

Identify the midbrain.

Identify the mammillary bodies of the midbrain.

Identify the corpora quadrigemina of the midbrain.

Identify the superior colliculi of the corpora quadrigemina of the midbrain.

Identify the inferior colliculi of the corpora quadrigemina of the midbrain.

Identify the pons.

Identify the medulla oblongata.

Identify the cerebellum.

Identify the arbor vitae of the cerebellum.

Identify the anterior lobe of the cerebellum.

Identify the posterior lobe of the cerebellum.

Identify the flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum.

Identify the superior vermis of the cerebellum.

Identify the inferior vermis of the cerebellum.

Identify the tonsils of the cerebellum.

Identify the peduncles of the cerebellum.

Identify cranial nerve I.

Identify cranial nerve II.

Identify cranial nerve III.

Identify cranial nerve IV.

Identify cranial nerve V.

Identify cranial nerve VI.

Identify cranial nerve VII.

Identify cranial nerve VIII.

Identify cranial nerve IX.

Identify cranial nerve X.

Identify cranial nerve XI.

Identify cranial nerve XII.

What is the name and function of cranial nerve I.

CN I - olfactory nerve - sensory nerve - smell

What is the name and function of cranial nerve II.

CN II - optic nerve - sensory nerve - sight

What is the name and function of cranial nerve III.

CN III - oculomotor nerve - motor nerve - most eye muscles

What is the name and function of cranial nerve IV.

CN IV - trochlear nerve - motor nerve - superior oblique eye muscle

What is the name and function of cranial nerve V.

CN V - trigeminal nerve - sensory and motor nerve - facial sensory and muscles of mastication

What is the name and function of cranial nerve VI.

CN VI - abducens nerve - motor nerve - lateral rectus eye muscle

What is the name and function of cranial nerve VII.

CN VII - facial nerve - sensory and motor nerve - taste and facial muscles

What is the name and function of cranial nerve VIII.

CN III - vestibulocochlear nerve - sensory nerve - hearing and balance

What is the name and function of cranial nerve IX.

CN IX - glossopharyngeal nerve - sensory and motor nerve - taste and speech and swallowing muscles

What is the name and function of cranial nerve X.

CN X - vagus nerve - sensory and motor nerve - taste and autonomic muscles

What is the name and function of cranial nerve XI.

CN XI - spinal accessory nerve - motor nerve - sternocleidomastoid and upper trapezius muscles

What is the name and function of cranial nerve XII.

CN XII - hypoglossal nerve - motor nerve - tongue muscles