New scientist jan 2025

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59 Terms

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radiologist

(n) bác sĩ chẩn đoán hình ảnh (chuyên đọc X-quang, CT,…)

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breast cancer

(n.phr) bệnh ung thư vú

Nowadays, more and more women are having breast cancer

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real-world test

kinh nghiệm thực tiễn, thử nghiệm trong thực tế

The new software will undergo a real-world test before being released

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policymaker

(n) nhà hoạch định chính sách

We now need policymakers to accelerate AI adoptation in breast cancer screening

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accelerate

(v) thúc đẩy

=boost

New technologies have accelerated the pace of communication

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adoption

(n) sự tiếp nhận, sự ứng dụng

The adoption of renewable energy is increasing worldwide

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detect

(v) phát hiện, dò ra, nhận ra

=identify, discover, recognize

AI can detect early signs of breast cancer from mammogram

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cancerous cells

tế bào ung thư

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diagnose

(v) chẩn đoán

=The doctor diagnosed her with breast cancer

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diagnosis

(n) sự chẩn đoán

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exceed one’s expectations

(coll) vượt qua kì vọng của ai, hơn cả mong đợi

The scale at which AI improved detection of breast cancer was extremely positive and exceeded our expectation

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scenario

(n) viễn cảnh, kịch bản (tình huống giả định có thể xảy ra)

If we can show AI is not inferior to radiologists, that's an interesting scenario to save some workload

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save some workload

(coll) giảm được khối lượng công việc

Thanks to AI tools, we can save some workload related to our project everyday

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superiority

(n) sự vượt trội, ưu thế, sự hơn hẳn

=advantage, dominance, excellence

AI demonstrated superiority over traditional methods in detecting early-stage cancer

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integration

(n) sự tích hợp, sự hòa nhập, sự hợp nhất

The integration of AI into healthcare could improve diagnostic accuracy

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complacent

(a) lơ là, chủ quan

Over-reliance on AI may cause radiologists to become too complacent

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compromise

(v) làm suy giảm, làm tổn hại, làm ảnh hưởng xấu đến cái gì

=undermine, jeopardize, weaken, damage

In some cases, over-reliance on AI

may compromise the diagnosis accuracy

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outcome

(n) kết quả

=consequence, effect, conclusion, aftermath

Regular exercise can improve the outcome of medical treatment

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flunk

(v) fail

She flunked the final test

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medical history

(n.phr) tiền sử bệnh án

AI flunk to gather complete medical histories from patients conversations

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stimulate

(v) kích thích, khuyến khích, thúc đẩy

Teachers creates various games in lessons to stimulate students’ morale

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simulated

(v) được mô phỏng, giả lập, tái hiện lại như thật

=virtual, artificial, imitated

Simulated tests can prepare students for real-world exams

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written summary

tóm tắt văn bản

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a turning point

(idm) một bước ngoặt, điểm ngoặt quan trọng

The promotion is a turning point in her entire career

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public health crisis

(coll) khủng hoảng y tế cộng đồng

The COVID-19 pandemic was the most severe public health crisis in recent history

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severe

(a) nghiêm trọng, nặng, khắc nghiệt, gay gắt

=critical, serious, harsh, extreme, intense

She has suffered from a severe injury recently

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pandemic

dịch bệnh, đại dịch

=epidemic, global outbreak, worldwide epidemic

The Covid-19 is one of the most intense pandemic

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prompt to

thúc đẩy, khiến ai đó làm gì

The teacher's question prompted students to think critically

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drive the shift

thúc đẩy sự chuyển đổi, dẫn dắt sự chuyển đổi

=push the transition, lead the change, accelerate the transformation, facilitate the move

Technology is driving the shift towards remote work

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budge

(v) nhúc nhích, thay đổi

=change, move slightly, shift

Despite new policies, the unemployment rate didn’t budge last year

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in the face of sth

mặc cho / bất chấp / đối mặt với (tình huống khó khăn, thử thách)

Obesity rate refused to budge in the face of countless public health campaigns 

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curb

(v) kiềm chế, hạn chế, kiểm soát

There have been many efforts to curb this epidemic

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poor nutrition

(coll) chế độ dinh dưỡng kém, thiếu chất

=unhealthy diet

Poor nutrition can lead to serious health problems

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sedentary lifestyle

(coll) lối sống ít vận động

=inactive lifestyle, desk-bound lifestyle

A sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of obesity

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limit the calorie intake

(coll) hạn chế, kiểm soát lượng calo nạp vào 

Limiting the calories intake helps with weight loss

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increase physical activities

tăng cường hoạt động thể chất

You should increase physical activities if you want to keep fit

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prescribe

(v) chỉ định, kê đơn dùng (thuốc…)

The doctor prescribed antibiotics for her infection

(antibiotics: thuốc kháng sinh)

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prescription

(n) đơn thuốc

You need a prescription to buy this medicine

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eligible for

(phrv) đủ điều kiện cho, đủ điều kiện làm gì

More than half of the US adults are eligible for weight-loss drugs

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prevalence

(n) sự phổ biến, tỷ lệ hiện hành

The prevalence of obesity has increased in recent years

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at the sharp end of sth

(idm) ở tuyến đầu, trực tiếp đối mặt với khó khăn

We need to stop ignoring the view of young generation on AI because they are already at the sharp end of its development

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high-profile

(a) nổi bật, được chú ý nhiều

=well-known, famous, prominent

She is a high-profile politician

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bring together

(phrv) tập hợp, gắn kết

The latest events have brought together heads of states, senior policy-makers and CEO of tech companies to discuss how to tackle with the risk of the advanced AI technologies

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entire

(a) hoàn toàn, toàn bộ, trong suốt

I am a teacher in my entire life

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decision-making

(n) việc đưa ra quyết định

Children should be allowed to take part in decision-making process relating to AI’s design

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development and deployment

(coll) phát triển và triển khai (thường về công nghệ và chính sách)

The development and deployment of AI are accelerating

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regulatory

(a) thuộc về quy định, giám sát

=supervisory, controlling

The company must follow regulatory requirements

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policy-making

việc hoạch định chính sách

Youth must be involved in policy-making

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partner

(n,v) bạn đồng hành/ cộng tác, hợp tác

We partnered with local businesses to support the project

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convene

(v) triệu tập, họp nhóm

=summon, assemble, call together

The board will convene tomorrow to discuss the plan

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long overdue

(a) quá hạn lâu rồi, lẽ ra phải có từ lâu

=delayed, much needed

It is an interesting event, but it is also long overdue

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hand down

(phrv) truyền lại (kiến thức, đồ vật)

=pass on

Young generation are equipped to solve AI problems that previous generations hand down

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perception

(n) sự nhận thức, quan điểm, cách nhìn nhận

The AI’s design may be based on adults’ perception and experience

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firsthand experience

(coll) trải nghiệm trực tiếp

No adults can have firsthand experience of being a child in the world with generative AI

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agenda

(n) chương trình nghị sự, kế hoạch

=schedule, plan, program

They are holding an agenda in Paris to deal with AI problems

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for too long

đã quá lâu, trong thời gian rất lâu về trước

For too long, children’s experiences, children’s voices and children themselves have been overlooked in the discussion around AI

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put sb at the heart of sth

(idm) đặt ai đó vào trung tâm, đóng vai trò then chốt trong việc 

=prioritize, focus on

I think that we should put children at the heart of AI technologies reform

(cải cách công nghệ AI)

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