Introduction to Sociology

These flashcards cover key concepts and vocabulary related to the fundamental theories and perspectives in sociology as presented in the lecture.

Sociology

The study of society, social change, conflict, and problems as they relate to human interactions.

Theoretical Perspectives

Different ways sociologists approach and interpret social phenomena.

Macro-level theories

Theoretical frameworks that analyze large-scale social processes.

Micro-level theories

Theoretical frameworks that focus on individual interactions and small group dynamics.

Structural Functionalism

A theory that views society as a stable, orderly system made up of interrelated parts that work together to maintain stability.

Conflict Perspective

A theoretical framework that sees conflict as a normal feature of society, driven by competition for resources and power.

Symbolic Interactionism

A perspective that focuses on the exchange of symbols and meanings through social interactions.

Manifest Functions

Intended and recognized consequences of social structures.

Latent Functions

Unintended and hidden consequences of social structures.

Social Facts

Laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, and cultural rules that govern social life.

Anomie

A state of normlessness in society, often resulting in feelings of isolation and disconnection.

Postmodernism

A perspective that seeks to understand society in a context where traditional narratives and ideologies are questioned.

Interdependence

The reliance of different parts of a society on one another to maintain stability and function.

Dysfunction

The undesirable consequences of any element of a society that may hinder its ability to adapt and survive.

Organic Solidarity

A type of social cohesion based on the interdependence of individuals in more advanced societies.

Bureaucracy

A system of administration characterized by strict policies, procedures, and a hierarchical structure.