Adv. A&P Quiz 1

Anatomy

study of the structure of the body

Physiology

study of the dynamic processes in the living body

Gross Anatomy

Study of structures visible to the naked eye

Systemic Anatomy

Study of one organ system at a time

Regional Anatomy

Study multiple organ systems at the same time in the same region of the body

Cytology

Study of the structural features of cells

Histology

Study of microscopic structure of tissues

Histopathology

microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease

Developmental Anatomy

Study of structural changes that occur between conception and adulthood

Embryology

Study of changes from conception to the end of the eighth week of development

Surface Anatomy

external structure of the body

Inspection

looking at the surface of the body

Dissection

cutting and separating tissues to reveal relationships between structures

Radiography

Process of photographing internal structures with X-rays

The denser the bone, the whiter it appears

Computed Tomography

emits low intesity X-rays that are received by a detector

used to identify tumors, aneurysms, cerebral hemorrhages, and kidney stones

MRI

uses a powerful electromagnet

Hydrogen atoms in the tissues alternately align with magnetic field

Functional MRI

visualizes moment-to-moment changes in tissue function

PET Scan

Uses to assess the metabolic state of a tissue

Uses radioactively labeled glucose

used to identify areas of tissue damage

Nuclear Medicine

use of radioisotopes to treat disease or to form diagnostic images of the body

Sonography

uses high frequency ultrasound and receives signals reflected back from internal organs

can not penatrate bones

What are the two goals of studying human physiology?

Examining the body’s response to stimuli

Examining the body’s maintenance of homeostasis

Cell Physiology

examines process occuring in cells

Systemic Physiology

considers functions of organ systems

Cardiovascular Physiology

focuses on the heart and blood vessels

Neurophysiology

nervous system

Pathophysiology

mechanisms of disease

Comparative Physiology

Explores how different species have solved problems of life such as water balance, respiration, and reproduction

Levels of Organisms

Chemical, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Whole Organsism

Chemical Organization

Determine the structural and functional characteristics of all organisms

Involves how atoms interact and combine to form molecules

Cell Organization

basic structural and functional units of all living organisms

Organelles

microscopic structures inside cells that carry out particular functions for the cell