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Where does the IVC pierce the diaphragm?
T8
Gonadal Veins consist of?
Testicular and ovarian veins
IVC
Inferior Vena Cava;
Venous blood drains all the organs and structures from the upper and lower abdomen and lower extremities
SVC drains?
head, neck, thoracic cavity, upper extremities
The IVC is formed by the union of what vessels?
iliac veins
The IVC lies posterior and to the right of the _________.
aorta
Where is the IVC formed?
L5
Where does the IVC enter the heart?
right atrium
3 lateral IVC Tributaries?
Rt suprarenal (adrenal) vein, Rt and Lt renal veins, Rt testicular vein
How many branches unite to form the main renal veins?
5 - 6 branches
Right Renal Vein (RRV) best visualized in LNG or TRV?
TRV
Right Renal Vein (RRV) flows directly from the kidney to the _______.
IVC
Where/in what orientation does the RRV enter the IVC?
posterolaterally
Which 2 veins enter the IVC directly?
Rt adrenal (suprarenal) and rt gonadal
Left Renal Vein (LRV) lies ________ to the SMA and ________ to the aorta.
posterior, anterior
Is the RRV or LRV larger? Why?
LRV, accepts branches from the L adrenal, L gonadal, and lumbar veins.
In longitudinal the LRV is seen as a _______ structure between the _______ and _______.
circular, SMA, AO
In transverse, the LRV is an _______ _______ structure between the _______ and _______.
anechoic tubular, SMA, AO
Gonadal veins course _______ to the internal and external iliac veins.
anterior
Gonadal veins continue within the _______ abdomen and continue cranially within the _______ muscle.
retroperitoneal, psoas
Lft gonadal vein enters the_______ which then enters the _______.
LRV, IVC
Rt gonadal vein enters the _______ directly on the _______ border above the _______ veins.
IVC, anterolateral, lumbar
Suprarenal Veins are also known as what?
Adrenal Veins
The rt and lt suprarenal veins arise from the?
suprarenal gland
The rt adrenal vein drains directly into the which vessel?
IVC
L adrenal vein drains into the?
LRV
What are the anterior tributaries to the IVC which are also the largest visceral tributaries of the IVC?
hepatic veins
Where do the hepatic veins originate?
liver
What do the hepatic veins drain into?
IVC (at diaphragm level)
Hepatic veins return deoxygenated blood from the _______.
liver
What does the RHV (rt hepatic vein) drain?
rt lobe of the liver
_______ drains the portions of right and left lobe of the liver.
MHV
_______ drains the left lobe of the liver.
LHV
Which lobe of the liver has its own direct drainage into the IVC?
caudate lobe
RHV, MHV and LHV increase in caliper as they approach the _______.
IVC
The portal venous system is responsible for directing blood from parts of the _______ _______ to the _______.
gastrointestinal tract, liver
Substances absorbed in the small intestine travel first to the _______ for processing before continuing to the _______.
liver, heart
Not all of the gastrointestinal tract is part of this system
portal venous system
Portal venous system has which 2 tributaries?
IMV, gastric veins
The portal venous system extends from about the lower portion of the _______ to the upper part of the_______ _______ .
esophagus, anal canal
Venous drainage from the _______ and _______ are included in the portal venous system.
spleen, pancreas
Formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and the splenic vein at level of L2 (in the epigastric region)
portal vein
How long is the portal vein?
5 - 7 cm
Portal vein enters the _______ _______ of the liver.
porta hepatis
Portal vein bifurcates into what?
rt and lt portal veins
Portal vein courses _______ through the liver.
transversely
Portal vein lies _______ to the IVC.
anterior
Portal vein becomes _______ as branching occurs throughout the _______.
smaller, liver
Portal vein is surrounded by _______ _______ which is highly reflective - echogenic on ultrasound.
fibrous tissue
Where does the splenic vein begin?
splenic hilum
Splenic vein is tributary of?
portal circulation
Splenic vein is joined by the _______ _______ and _______ veins.
short gastric, gastroepiploic
Splenic vein courses along _______ _______ border of the _______.
posterior medial, pancreas
Joins SMV posterior to the neck of the pancreas and drains blood from the stomach, spleen and pancreas
Splenic vein
Superior Mesenteric Vein (SMV) begins at?
ileocolic junction
SMV passes _______ to the neck of the _______ to join the _______ _______.
posterior, pancreas, splenic vein
SMA is a tributary to which vein?
portal vein
SMA drains blood from which 3 veins?
middle colic vein (transverse colon), rt colic vein (ascending colon), and the pancreatic duodenal vein
Does the IVC drain "gut" blood?
no but it drains the organs
Why do we look at the IVC?
concerned about thrombus
IVC touches the liver. Does the aorta touch the liver?
no
Which Hepatic vein usually enters the lt Hepatic?
middle
IVC runs ________ to the liver.
posterior
Which renal vein is seen best in TRV?
right
Are renal veins anterior to renal arteries?
yes
Proper hepatic supplies what percent of OXYGENATED blood to the liver?
20-30%
70-80% of DEOXYGENATED blood supplied to the liver is provided by the?
portal vein
Hepatic veins are _____ and get _____ as they branch.
small, bigger
What is the threshold number for the portal vein?
1.3 cm
What is the area of the liver called where vessels are coming and going?
Porta Hepatis
When the splenic vein is circular, the SMA is:
circular or tubular?
tubular
Venious flow is a _______ waveform that sounds like wind.
continuous
Hepatic veins have this pattern because they sit close to the heart.
pulsatile/multiphasic waveform
What can help to distinguish Hepatic veins from other veins?
different wave pattern than other veins
