2.9 Healing

What is the difference between resolution and repair in wound healing?

Resolution = near original structure/function restored; Repair = replaced with scar tissue → some functional loss.

What are the 4 phases of wound healing?

Hemostasis, Inflammation, Proliferation, Remodelling/Maturation.

What happens during hemostasis?

Fibrin clot forms to stop bleeding, seal wound, and provide scaffold → scab in skin.

Why is inflammation necessary for healing?

It neutralises harmful agents, prevents further damage, and allows white blood cells to clear debris.

Which cells perform wound debridement?

Neutrophils and macrophages.

What is granulation tissue composed of?

Fibroblasts, collagen, new capillaries, lymphatic vessels, macrophages.

What is the role of fibroblasts?

Produce collagen → structural support + strength.

What is the role of myofibroblasts?

Contract wound edges → reduce replacement tissue needed.

What is epithelialisation?

Growth of new epithelial cells that bridge and seal the wound.

At what point does remodelling/maturation begin and how long can it last?

Begins ~2 weeks post-injury, can continue for years.

What is the maximum tensile strength regained in healed tissue?

About 80% of the original tissue strength.