Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism

Flashcards on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.

Gluconeogenesis

The generation of new glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors.

Propionate

A product of ruminant fermentation and a substrate for gluconeogenesis.

Odd Carbon Fatty Acids

Fatty acids that have an odd number of carbons in their hydrocarbon tail.

Cori Cycle

A cycle where lactate produced in muscles is transported to the liver for gluconeogenesis.

Glycogen

Storage polysaccharide in animals, found in liver and skeletal muscle.

Phosphorylase

The enzyme that facilitates phosphorylation of a glucose residue from glycogen.

Debranching Enzymes

Enzyme that linearizes branches in glycogen to allow phosphorylase to continue.

Glycogen Synthase

The enzyme involved in the condensation step of glycogen biosynthesis.

Adrenaline/Epinephrine

Hormone that stimulates glycogen breakdown and inhibits glycogen synthesis.

Glucagon

Hormone secreted when there is low circulating blood glucose, stimulates glycogen degradation.

Ketoacidosis

A condition resulting from excess ketone body formation, often due to disrupted carbohydrate metabolism.

Lipolysis

Breaking down of trisoglycerols into glycerol and fatty acids.