Endocrine System

Flashcards covering key concepts and vocabulary related to the endocrine system.

Endocrine System

A ductless system responsible for secreting hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Insulin

A hormone that regulates the metabolism of glucose.

Hormones

Chemical messengers that are secreted directly into the bloodstream.

Parathyroid Gland

Produces parathormone to regulate calcium levels in the blood.

Testosterone

A hormone that stimulates the growth and development of male sex organs.

Pineal Body

A gland that atrophies during puberty and secretes melatonin.

Placenta

A temporary gland during pregnancy that secretes hormones.

Melatonin

A hormone that helps delay puberty.

Gigantism

Results from an overproduction of somatotropin.

Mineralocorticoids

Hormones that regulate sodium absorption and potassium elimination in the kidneys.

Thyroxine

A hormone secreted by the thyroid that increases metabolic rate.

Thymosin

A hormone secreted by the thymus that stimulates antibody production.

Adrenal Glands

Glands located above each kidney, also called suprarenals.

Goiter

An enlargement of the thyroid gland.

Estrogen

A hormone that stimulates the growth of female reproductive organs.

Cushing's Disease

A condition caused by an overproduction of cortisol.

Diabetes Mellitus

A group of diseases that result in high blood sugar.

Polyuria

Increased urination, a symptom of diabetes.

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)

Hormone responsible for the onset of diabetes insipidus.

Hypothyroidism

A condition that can occur from a lack of iodized salt.

Epinephrine

A hormone that activates the sympathetic nervous system.

Glucocorticoids

Hormones that aid in the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

Oxytocin

A hormone that causes contraction of the uterus during childbirth.

Thyroid Gland

Located in front of the upper part of the trachea; produces thyroid hormones.