Human Genome Project and Genetic Research

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the Human Genome Project and advancements in genetic research, including sequencing techniques and their implications.

Office of Human Genome Research

Established by the NIH in 1988, directed by James Watson.

Human Genome Project

Officially began on October 1, 1990, and was completed in 2001.

Shotgun sequencing

A method used for early genome sequencing involving random fragmentation of DNA.

Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)

A technology to increase speed and throughput of sequencing, making it less expensive.

Transposable Elements (TEs)

DNA segments that can integrate into different locations within the genome.

Functional Genomics

The study aimed at elucidating the roles of gene sequences.

DNA microarrays

Tools used to monitor mRNA expression of thousands of genes simultaneously.

Epigenetics

The study of changes in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the DNA sequence itself.

Homologous sequences

Genetic sequences that share a common ancestor and often have similar functions.

BLAST

Basic local alignment search tool used to identify homologous genetic sequences.