Exam 2 Muscles & Actions

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards detailing the anatomical actions of muscles in the back, shoulder, arm, forearm, hand, and thorax as presented in the lecture notes.

Trapezius

Elevates, retracts, and depresses scapula

Latissimus dorsi

Adducts, extends, medially rotates arm

Rhomboids

Retract scapula

Levator scapulae

Elevates scapula

Deltoid (anterior)

Flexes & medially rotates arm

Deltoid (middle)

Abducts arm

Deltoid (posterior)

Extends & laterally rotates arm

Supraspinatus

Initiates first $15^\circ$ of abduction

Infraspinatus

Laterally rotates arm

Teres minor

Laterally rotates arm

Teres major

Adducts & medially rotates arm

Serratus anterior

Protracts/stabilizes scapula

Subscapularis

Medially rotates arm

Pectoralis major

Adducts & medially rotates arm; clavicular head flexes; sternocostal head extends from flexed position

Pectoralis minor

Stabilizes scapula; elevates ribs

Subclavius

Depresses clavicle

Triceps brachii

Extends forearm

Coracobrachialis

Flexes & adducts arm

Biceps brachii

Supinates & flexes forearm

Brachialis

Flexes forearm

Pronator teres

Pronates & flexes forearm

Flexor carpi radialis

Flexes & abducts hand

Palmaris longus

Flexes hand; tenses palm

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexes & adducts hand

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexes digits 2–5 at MCP/PIP

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexes digits 2–5 at DIP

Flexor pollicis longus

Flexes thumb at IP

Pronator quadratus

Pronates forearm

Brachioradialis

Flexes forearm

Anconeus

Extends forearm

Extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis

Extends & abducts hand

Extensor digitorum

Extends digits 2–5

Extensor digiti minimi

Extends digit 5 at MCP and IP

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Extends & adducts hand

Supinator

Supinates forearm

Abductor pollicis longus

Abducts & extends thumb at MCP

Extensor pollicis brevis

Extends thumb at MCP

Extensor pollicis longus

Extends thumb at IP

Extensor indicis

Extends digit 2 at MCP and IP

Flexor pollicis brevis

Flexes thumb at CMC and MCP

Abductor pollicis brevis

Abducts & opposes thumb

Opponens pollicis

Opposes thumb

Abductor digiti minimi

Abducts digit 5; flexes MCP

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Flexes MCP of digit 5

Opponens digiti minimi

Opposes digit 5

Lumbricals

Flex MCP joints of digits 2–5

Adductor pollicis

Adducts thumb

Palmar interossei

Adduct digits (PAD)

Dorsal interossei

Abduct digits (DAB)

External intercostals

Inspiration

Internal intercostals (interosseous)

Expiration

Internal intercostals (interchondral)

Inspiration

Innermost intercostals

Expiration

Transversus thoracis

Depress ribs

Subcostals

Depress ribs

Diaphragm

Primary muscle of inspiration