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33 Terms
1
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**server role**
**A major function or service that a server performs**
2
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**Role services**
**Services that can be installed in Server Manager to add**
**functions to the main role. See also server role**
**functions to the main role. See also server role**
3
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**server operating systems**
 **OS designed to emphasize network access performance**
**and run background processes rather than desktop**
**applications.**
**and run background processes rather than desktop**
**applications.**
4
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**standalone server**
**A Windows server that isn't a domain controller or a**
**member of a domain**
**member of a domain**
5
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**server features**
**Components you can install that provide functions to**
**enhance or support an installed role or add a standalone**
**feature.**
**enhance or support an installed role or add a standalone**
**feature.**
6
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**Windows workgroup**
**A small collection of Windows computers whose users**
**typically have something in common, such as the need to**
**share files or printers with each other. No computer has**
**authority or control over another. Logons, security, and**
**resource sharing are decentralized. Also called a peer-to-**
**peer network**
**typically have something in common, such as the need to**
**share files or printers with each other. No computer has**
**authority or control over another. Logons, security, and**
**resource sharing are decentralized. Also called a peer-to-**
**peer network**
7
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**NT File System (NTFS)**
**A file system used on Windows OSs that supports**
**compression, encryption, and file and folder permissions.**
**compression, encryption, and file and folder permissions.**
8
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**domain controller**
**A Windows server that has Active Directory installed and**
**is responsible for allowing client computers to access**
**domain resources.**
**is responsible for allowing client computers to access**
**domain resources.**
9
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**Windows domain**
**A group of Windows computers that share common**
**management and are subject to rules and policies that an**
**administrator defines.**
**management and are subject to rules and policies that an**
**administrator defines.**
10
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**member server**
**A Windows server that's in the management scope of a**
**Windows domain but doesn't have Active Directory**
**installed.**
**Windows domain but doesn't have Active Directory**
**installed.**
11
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**network protocol**
**Software that specifies the rules and format of**
**communication between devices on a network**
**communication between devices on a network**
12
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**network connection**
**The network interface, network protocol, and network**
**client and server software working together on a Windows**
**computer.**
**client and server software working together on a Windows**
**computer.**
13
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**network interface**
**The network interface card and the device driver software**
**working together.**
**working together.**
14
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**network client**
**The part of the OS that sends requests to a server to access**
**network resources.**
**network resources.**
15
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**Network server software**
**The part of the OS that receives requests for shared**
**network resources and makes these resources available to**
**a network client.**
**network resources and makes these resources available to**
**a network client.**
16
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**PowerShell**
**A command-line interactive scripting environment that**
**provides the commands needed for most management**
**tasks in a Windows Server 2016 environment.**
**provides the commands needed for most management**
**tasks in a Windows Server 2016 environment.**
17
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**Active Directory**
**The Windows directory service that enables administrators**
**to create and manage users and groups, set network wide**
**user and computer policies, manage security, and organize**
**network resources.**
**to create and manage users and groups, set network wide**
**user and computer policies, manage security, and organize**
**network resources.**
18
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**Variable**
**A temporary storage location that holds values, whether**
**numeric, strings, or objects.**
**numeric, strings, or objects.**
19
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**Cloud computing**
**A collection of technologies for abstracting the details of**
**how applications, storage, network, and other computing**
**resources are delivered to users.**
**how applications, storage, network, and other computing**
**resources are delivered to users.**
20
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**Parameter**
**An input to a command or PowerShell cmdlet**
21
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**guest OS**
**The operating system running in a virtual machine**
**installed on a host computer. See virtual machine (VM).**
**installed on a host computer. See virtual machine (VM).**
22
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**host computer**
**The physical computer on which virtualization software is**
**installed and virtual machines run.**
**installed and virtual machines run.**
23
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**virtual machine (VM)**
**The virtual environment that emulates a physical**
**computer's hardware and BIOS**
**computer's hardware and BIOS**
24
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**Virtualization software**
**The software for creating and managing virtual machines**
**and creating the virtual environment in which a guest OS**
**is installed.**
**and creating the virtual environment in which a guest OS**
**is installed.**
25
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**Virtualization**
**A technology that uses software to emulate multiple**
**hardware environments, allowing multiple operating**
**systems to run on the same physical server**
**simultaneously**
**hardware environments, allowing multiple operating**
**systems to run on the same physical server**
**simultaneously**
26
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**public cloud**
 **A cloud computing service provided by a third party. See**
**cloud computing.**
**cloud computing.**
27
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**Virtual desktop infrastructure (V DI)**
**A sector of private cloud computing whereby users access their desktops through a private cloud; the OS and**
**applications run on servers in a corporate data center**
**rather than on the local computer.**
**applications run on servers in a corporate data center**
**rather than on the local computer.**
28
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**private cloud**
**A cloud computing service provided by a company's**
**internal IT department. See cloud computing**
**internal IT department. See cloud computing**
29
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**hypervisor**
**The virtualization software component that creates and**
**monitors the virtual hardware environment, which allows**
**multiple virtual machines to share physical hardware**
**resources.**
**monitors the virtual hardware environment, which allows**
**multiple virtual machines to share physical hardware**
**resources.**
30
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**thin provisioning**
**A method for creating virtual disks whereby the virtual**
**disk expands dynamically and uses space from the storage**
**pool as needed until it reaches the specified maximum**
**size.**
**disk expands dynamically and uses space from the storage**
**pool as needed until it reaches the specified maximum**
**size.**
31
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**server operating system**
**OS designed to emphasize network access performance**
**and run background processes rather than desktop**
**applications.**
**and run background processes rather than desktop**
**applications.**
32
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**compute host**
**A server that provides processing, storage, networking,**
**and memory resources needed to run an application,**
**usually as a virtual machine and often as a cluster**
**member.**
**and memory resources needed to run an application,**
**usually as a virtual machine and often as a cluster**
**member.**
33
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**Nested virtualization**
**The ability to run a virtual machine on a virtual machine**