Structure and Function of DNA Webquest

What is the full name for DNA?

deoxyribonucleic acid

What is all your DNA, together, called?

your genome

What are genes?

sections of DNA

What do genes contain?

instructions for making proteins and RNA

What is the role of proteins?

to carry out tasks like transporting oxygen, detecting invading bacteria and forming the structure of your hair

True or False: All of an organism’s DNA code for proteins

false

What is DNA shaped like?

a long twisted ladder, or a double helix

What are the names of the four bases of DNA

Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine

What does T(hymine) pair with?

A(denine)

What does G(uanine) pair with?

C(ytosine)

What is a nucleotide made up of?

a sugar, a phosphate, and a base

What would be the corresponding sequence to: T-C-G-A

A-G-C-T

What percent of humans’ DNA sequences are identical?

99.5%

True or False: Traits can be determined by more than one gene

True

What factors influence your traits?

Genetic variants; how a protein gets built changes how the proteins does it’s job

What does the information contained in DNA determine?

your inherited characteristics

What does DNA code for?

making proteins

Where is DNA found in eukaryotic cells?

the nucleus

Where is DNA found in prokaryotic cells?

the cytosol

What are the monomers of DNA called?

nucleotides

What is the backbone of DNA composed of?

alternating sugar and phosphate molecules

What type of bond links bases together?

hydrogen bonds

What are adenine and guanine?

Purines, or 2-ring structures

What are cytosine and thymine?

Pyrimidines, or 1-ring structures

How many hydrogen bonds do Adenine and Thymine have?

two

How many hydrogen bonds do Cytosine and Guanine have?

three

Why are strands of DNA said to be complementary to one another?

-because, A will always be with T, and C will always be with G.