web and the internet

world wide web

is an information system on the internet.

uniform resource locator

is the address of a website or colloquially termed as web addressss

web browser

• an application for accessing websites on the internet

• they can convert codes of info into text and graphics shown on web page

hyperlink

clickable texts or images that can access another
documents.

hypertext

a text with hyperlink.

anchor text

blue text with a link

1945

Vannevar Bush

• authored the article
  “As We May Think”

• In which he first proposed his idea of the
  Memex machine.

• A memex is a device that stores and organizes information, allowing
  users to access it quickly and flexibly.

  
  

1965

Ted Nelson (Theodor Holm Nelson)

• American pioneer of information technology,
  philosopher, and sociologist

• He published “Complex Information Processing:
  A file Structure for the Complex, the Changing,
  and Indeterminate”

• In this paper, he coined the terms hypertext and
  hypermedia to refer to features of a computerized
  information system.

• He is also credited with inventing the word
  “hyperlink”.
  

hypermedia

is a term used for hypertext which is not constrained to
be text. It can include graphics, video and sound

(thumbnails)

1982

HyperTIES was developed at
the University of Maryland.

1987

• HyperCard was invented by
  Apple Macintosh.

• a software application and
  development kit.

• One of the first successful
  hypermedia systems before the
  world-wide web

  
  

1989

Tim Berners-Lee proposed the
World Wide Web.

transmission control protocol

(TCP) is a communications standard
that enables application programs and computing devices to exchange
messages over a network.

1991

• The World-Wide Web began when very first website “info.cern.ch”
  went online

• He was knighted
  by Queen Elizabeth II in the 2004 New Year Honours "for services to
  the global development of the Internet", and was invested formally on
  16 July 2004.

  
  

web 1.0

(Read-only web or static web page)

• first generation of the world wide web, which,
  according to Berners-Lee

• the page is as is, and cannot be manipulated
  by the user, the content is the same for all the users.

  
  

web 2.0

(Read-write web or Dynamic page)

• Web services and
  applications with an increasing emphasis on human collaboration.

• Allows the user to interact with the page known as DYNAMIC PAGE

• the user may be able to comment or
  create a user account.

  
  

web 3.0

(read-write-execute Web or Semantic Web)

• more connected, open, and intelligent, with semantic web technologies

• “Semantic Web” refers to W3C's vision of the Web of linked data. Semantic Web technologies enable people to create data
  stores on the Web, build vocabularies, and write rules for handling
  data.

• a decentralized internet that uses artificial intelligence, blockchain, and edge computing to create a more secure and personalized user experience.

  
  
  

internet

comes from the combination between “interconnection” and “network”

1957

Brief history of the internet

• Computers are large, bulky and consumes
  too much labor to operate

• The Internet has its origins in the Cold War. In 1957, the Soviet Union
  launched the first satellite, Sputnik 1

1958

Brief history of the internet

• The US founded DARPA “Defense Advance Research Project Agency”

• DARPA was created, shortly after the Soviet Union launched Sputnik,
  the first man-made satellite to reach space, sparking a national crisis
  in the United States.

  
  

1969

Brief history of the internet

• This eventually led to the formation of the ARPANET (Advanced
  Research Projects Agency Network), the network that ultimately
  evolved into what we now know as the Internet

1971

Brief history of the internet

• “@” was used in the first user-to-user E-MAIL by Ray Tomlinson.

1974

Brief history of the internet

• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) / Internet Protocol (IP)
  was written, a standard that guarantees compatibility between networks

• allows communication between a number of computers
  (called hosts) connected on a network.
  networks

1983

Brief history of the internet

• The internet began, when ARPANET completed its migration to
  TCP/IP.

  
  

1989

Brief history of the internet

• Tim Berners-Lee proposed World-Wide Web

1991

Brief history of the internet

• The World-Wide Web began

servers

a computer program that provides data, and programs to client computers in a network.

internet protocol

IP Address, unique numerical address that identifies a device on the internet or a local network.

domain name system

DNS, is the phonebook of internet. We access information online through domain names.

ex; www.facebook.com

browser

an application used to view and navigate data on the internet

internet service provider

ISP, a company that provides internet access to its subscribers or clients. There are two types:

• National ISP - business that provides internet access in cities and towns nationwide.
  area

• Regional ISP - provided internet access to a specific geographic

  
  

internet

a global network of computers and electronic gadgets

wifi

wireless network using radio signal for high-speed data
transfer to nearby devices

hotspot

a physical location where you can access the internet

web

an information system of information sharing on the internet.

e-mail

electronic mail is a message delivered online using email
address

e-mail address

identifies where e-mail came from and sent

carbon copy

cc, used to create a copy of a letter to multiple
email address

blind carbon copy

BCC, used to send copy of a email without
the knowledge of other recipients

social media

a virtual network where users can communicate and
socialize using text and other forms of communication

online gaming

games that are played electronically, particularly
over the internet

software updates

an update on software currently installed on
computer or electronic device.

bugs

unexpected problem with software or hardware.

hypertext markup language

HTML, a standardized system for
on a web

upload

transfer of data typically from the computer or device over
the internet

download

transfer of data typically from the internet to the
computer or device.

bit

smallest unit of data, it can only be either 0 or 1.

hypertext transfer protocol

HTTP, used to load webpages using hypertext links

hypertext transfer protocol secure

HTTPS, a secure encrypted version of HTTP.

network

a system of interconnected devices (like computers,
smartphones, etc.) that communicate and share information

subnet

(subnetwork) division of a large local area network, for
manageability, security, and improved performance

local area network

LAN, computers connected in one physical
location, such as home, business or organization

router

a network device for data transfer between packet-
switched

modem

modulator/demodulator, a device that connects your
local computers to the internet by converting digital data
from the computer to analog that can be transmitted

encryption

the process of protecting information or data by using
mathematical models to scramble it in such a way that only the parties who have the key to unscramble it can access it

search engine

a software program that helps users find information
by using text, keywords, phrases, or other artifacts.