Bioethics_Application in various health care situation

What is the process called when a sperm fertilizes an ovum?

Fertilization

What day of a 28‑day cycle does ovulation usually occur?

Day 14

What term refers to consensual sex between unmarried partners?

Fornication

What is the term for sex between a married person and someone not their spouse?

Adultery

What do we call children born from adopted frozen embryos?

Snowflake children

What is the intentional destruction of a fetus in the womb called?

Abortion

Which organization supports individualized decision‑making about life‑sustaining treatment for children?

American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP

What vaccination is given at birth according to the National Immunization Schedule?

BCG, OPV‑0, Hepatitis B

What eating disorder involves consuming non‑food substances?

Pica

What ethical principle underlies organ donation?

Altruism

Which hormone triggers ovulation?

a) Estrogen

b) Progesterone

c) Pituitary hormones (FSH & LH)

d) Testosterone

c) Pituitary hormones (FSH & LH)

Which ethical principle should guide sexual desire and behavior according to Christian ethics?

a) Autonomy

b) Love of God and neighbor

c) Justice

d) Beneficence

b) Love of God and neighbor

Which mismatch explains fragility of modern marriages?

a) Values vs psychobiology vs environment

b) Money vs love vs children

c) Faith vs science vs culture

d) None of the above

a) Values vs psychobiology vs environment

Which contraceptive issue is highlighted in bioethics?

a) Promotes healthy lifestyle

b) May cause side effects and STDs

c) Always safe

d) Always effective

b) May cause side effects and STDs

Which assisted reproductive technology raises ethical issues of multiple births and embryo freezing?

a) Surrogacy

b) IVF

c) Artificial insemination

d) Cloning

b) IVF

Which ethical concern arises in artificial insemination?

a) Donor confidentiality

b) Child’s right to know parentage

c) Post‑mortem insemination

d) All of the above

d) All of the above

Who should be the sole source of consent in surrogate motherhood?

a) Intended parents

b) Surrogate mother

c) Physician

d) Court

b) Surrogate mother

Donald Marquis argues abortion is wrong because:

a) It deprives fetus of future value

b) It harms the mother

c) It is illegal everywhere

d) It contradicts autonomy

a) It deprives fetus of future value

Which vaccine is given at 9 months?

a) DPT

b) Measles

c) Hepatitis B

d) OPV

b) Measles

Which type of child maltreatment includes abandonment and human trafficking?

a) Physical abuse

b) Neglect

c) Emotional abuse

d) Expanded definitions

d) Expanded definitions

Which adolescent ethical issue involves balancing privacy with immaturity?

a) Consent, confidentiality, decision‑making capacity

b) Nutrition only

c) Voting rights

d) None

a) Consent, confidentiality, decision‑making capacity

Which adolescent disorder is underrecognized and undertreated?

a) Eating disorders

b) Depression

c) Substance abuse

d) Anxiety

b) Depression

Which substance use consequence is NOT listed?

a) Brain development affected

b) Risky behaviors

c) Adult health problems

d) Improved immunity

d. Improved immunity

Which eating disorder involves binge eating then purging?

a) Anorexia nervosa

b) Bulimia nervosa

c) Binge eating disorder

d) Rumination

b) Bulimia nervosa

Which eating disorder involves re‑chewing and spitting food?

a) Rumination disorder

b) ARFID

c) Pica

d) Bulimia

a) Rumination disorder

Which adolescent nurse role is emphasized?

a) Ignore confidentiality

b) Understand limits of confidentiality

c) Always inform parents

d) Avoid assessment

b) Understand limits of confidentiality

Which age is considered adulthood in most countries?

a) 16

b) 18

c) 20

d) 21

b) 18

Which country sets age of majority at 20?

a) Japan

b) Germany

c) France

d) USA

a) Japan

Which chronic disease prevention strategy is emphasized?

a) Lifestyle modification (diet, exercise, avoid tobacco)

b) Medication only

c) Surgery only

d) None

a) Lifestyle modification

First successful living kidney transplant occurred in:

a) 1954

b) 1962

c) 1967

d) 1981

a) 1954

Which principle underlies organ donation?

a) Justice

b) Altruism

c) Autonomy

d) Beneficence

b) Altruism

Obligatory altruism means:

a) Optional good act

b) Moral duty to help others

c) Selfishness

d) None

b) Moral duty to help others

Presumed consent means:

a) Organs can be taken unless objection filed

b) Always requires family consent

c) Donation only by living donors

d) None

a) Organs can be taken unless objection filed

WHO Guiding Principle 9 emphasizes:

a) Financial priority

b) Equitable allocation based on clinical criteria

c) First come, first served

d) None

b) Equitable allocation based on clinical criteria

Which ethical issue asks “Is the human body a commodity?”

a) Organ transplant ethics

b) Marriage ethics

c) Contraception ethics

d) Eating disorders

a) Organ transplant ethics

Is any form of sexual reproduction resulting in human fertilization

Human reproduction

Seems to understand, evaluate and critique the conduct of interpersonal relationships

Sexual Ethucs

Sexual Ethics involves issues like? (5)

gender identification, sexual orientation, consent, sexual relations, and procreation

Marriage is also called as? is a culturally recognized union between people called spouse

Matrimony or wedlock

He argues that killing actual person's is wrong because it unjustly deprives victims of their future

Donald Marquis

Who wrote in his oath “ Iwill not give to a woman a pessary to cause abortion

Hippocrates

is a vaccination program launched by the Government of India in 1985.

Universal Immunization Programme (UIP)

Adolescence are not fully matured raises 3 ethical issues

Consent, Confidentiality, and Decision making

In Eating Disorders Personality traits includes: 

Neuroticism 

Perfectionism 

Impulsivity 

Hormones factors in Eating Disorders

Serotonin and Dopamine

View Themselves overweight

Anorexia Nervosa

Binge eating until full, foods that they normally avoid

Bulimia Nervosa

Eat unusually large amount of food, does purging behaviors

Binge eating Disorder

Consumes non food substances, fatal

Pica

Re chewing- re swallowing food or spit it out

Rumination

Feeding disorder from infancy to childhood. Lack of interest in eating

AVoidant/ Restrictive food intake disorder ( ARFID)

Who coined the word “Altruism”

Auguste Comte

Altruism can be classified into two types

Obligatory and supererogatory

is defined as a moral duty to help others

Obligatory Altruism

is defined as morally good, but it is not morally required going “above and beyond” one’s duty

Supererogatory 

Referrnces the general well being of individual and societies. Instead, standard indicators of the quality of life include not only wealth and employment

Quality of Life

Means to decrease living standards in the absence of basic needs as well as social cultural emotional and spiritual needs 

Low quality of life 

is illegal in the Philippines. The bill met strong opposition from the country’s Catholic Church

Euthanasia

The premature death of a vulnerable human due to a failure to provide appropriate help

Misthanasia

Undue prolongation of life by artificial means

Dysthanasia

used for the first time in 1950, allowing to die or letting die

Orthothanasia

Death with dignity has two meaning

Justification of killing and letting die in peace

Are behavioral management interventions that should be used as a last resort to control a behavioral emergency 

Seclusion and Restraints 

Include the use of physical force, mechanical devices or chemical to immobilize a person

Restraints

A type of restraint involves confining a person in a room from which the person cannot exit freely

Seclusion

Is a key element of public health practice. Among strategies aiming to deal with public health problems, health promotion purports to help people achieve better health

Health promotion

David Buchanan 4 Kinds problematic strategies 

Behaviourist conditioning, Communicativr persuasion, Group pressure, Direct instrumental power

International release of viruses, bacteria or other germs that can sicken or kill people, livestock or crops

Bioterrorism