ANATOMY

aliment

food

chym

juice

gastr

stomach

hepat

liver

nutri

nourish

peri

around

vill

hairy

append

to hang something

dors

back

homeo

same

logy

study of

meta

change

stasis

standing still

tomy ____cutting

cyt ____cell

endo ____within

mit ____thread

phag ____to eat

pino ____to drink

som ____body

cut ____skin

derm ____skin

epi ____upon

folic ____small bag

kerat ____horn

melan ____black

seb ____grease

sudor ____sweat

adip ____fat

chondr ____cartilage

macr ____large

pseeud ____false

squam ____scale

strat ____layer

what structure is apart of the alimentary canal of the digestive system? ____mouth and stomach

what structure is a digestive accessory organ? ____liver

T/F: digestion means the process of breaking down all foods into nutrients? ____true

the internal layer of the alimentary tract where the digestion and absorption takes place is the ?? ____mucosa

*be able to label organs of digestive system ____ofc ofc

what is the name of the structure that joins together the small intestine so it doesn't unravel when removed from the body? ____mesentary

T/F: peristalsis propels our food through the alimentary tract through wavelike movements? ____true

T/F: digestion starts in our brain with sight and smell ____true

what structure in the mouth rises to close off the nasal cavity when we swallow? ____uvula

what is the name of the largest salivary gland? ____the parotid gland

what is the name of the smallest salivary gland? ____the sublingual gland

what enzyme in saliva breaks down starches? ____amylase

which is a macronutrient ? (protein/fats/vitamins) ____proteins and fats

swallowing is called? ____deglutition

food mixture in your mouth is called? ____bolus

T/F: the esophagus relies on gravity to move food so you can't eat while standing on your head ____false

*be able to label parts of a stomach ____ofc ofc

what happens in the stomach? ____HCL kills bacteria and pathogens& enzymes digest proteins

what is the main digestive function of the liver? ____produces bile

T/F: the liver has many functions including removing toxic substances such as drugs and alcohol from the blood ____true

whats is the name of a liver cell? ____hepatocyte

the main job of the large intestine is what? ____reabsorb water

the main job of the small intestine is what? ____absorb nutrients

which structure is NOT apart of the small intestine? (duodenum/jejunum/colon/ileum) ____colon

why is the height and health of the intestinal villi important? ____they increase surface area for better absorption of nutrients

what does the gall bladder need to avoid forming stones? ____bile salts

what protects the lining of the stomach from its acidity? ____mucous

*know how to label intestines ____ofc ofc

which layer reduces friction between internal organs? ____serosa

what is true about our gut microbiome? ____

good bacteria prevents bad bacteria from overgrowing

when ur stomach is empty and it growls this is ... ____mechanical digestion

gallstones are most likely made of cholesterol, which macronutrient is that? ____lipid

T/F: the topics of human anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because the structures of body parts are closely related to their function ____true

what are the levels of organization of living organism? (smallest to largest) ____

atom

the stomach is an example of which organizational level? ____organ

T/F: the body's main priority is to survive ____true

the physical and chemical events that take place in a cell, such as during digestion gives our bodies energy to live and is known as ____metabolism

\___ feedback monitors a change in setpoint and responds to correct to counteract the imbalance ____negative

what is positive feedback? ____intensifies a change in the body's physiological condition rather than reversing it (ex. blood clotting or giving birth)

rob is camping out when a cold front causes freezing temperature. rob begins to shiver, shivering is an ex of ?? ____effector

the nervous system works with ... ____brain

the digestive system works with ... ____liver

the circulatory system works with ... ____heart

the skeletal system works with .. ____bones

the muscular system works with ... ____muscles

the integumentary system works with ... ____skin

why is it important to use the correct anatomical terminology? ____to communicate effectively and accurately

a body part that is above another part is said to be ____superior

when a body is in the anatomical position it is ____standing erect with face and palms facing forward

T/F: the ears are lateral to the eyes ____true

which root word means "standing still"? ____stasis

T/F: cells vary in shape to carry out different functions ____true

a cell consists of three parts .. what are they ? ____cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

which organelle makes up ATP? ____mitochondria

what is ATP? ____adenosine triphosphate (source of energy at any time & stored in cellular level)

which organelle contains DNA? ____nucleus

which organelle transports substances within the cell or between cells? ____vesicles

what is the name of the membrane that surrounds the nucleus ? ____nuclear envelope

which one of these is NOT a passive transport mechanism across the cell membrane? (diffusion/osmosis/endocytosis) ____endocytosis

what is endocytosis ? ____a process by which cells absorb external material by engulfing it with the cell membrane

what is the term for cell eating? ____phagocytosis

how does oxygen get across the cell membrane? ____simple diffusion

*know how to label a cell ____ofc ofc

sagittal plane ____divides body into left and right

transverse plane? ____horizontal division of the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

frontal plane? ____divides body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions