Acid-Base Chemistry Review

Flashcards created for reviewing key concepts in acid-base chemistry based on lecture notes.

What is the conjugate acid of NH3 in the reaction HCIO3 + NH3 + CIO?

HCIO.

How would you classify HCl in the reaction HCl(aq) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq)?

A strong acid.

What is an amphoteric species?

A species that can react as an acid or a base.

How would you classify CH3COOH in the equation CH3COOH(aq) + H2O(l) ↔ H3O+(aq) + CH3COO-(aq)?

A weak acid.

Which ion acts as an amphoteric species?

HSO4.

In the reaction HSO4 + H2O → H3O+ + SO2, what role does HSO4 play?

Acts as an acid.

What are the products of the neutralization of KOH(aq) with HCl(aq)?

H2O(aq) and KCl(aq).

What is the pH of an acidic solution?

Less than 7.

How would you classify KOH in the reaction KOH(aq) → K+(aq) + OH-(aq)?

A strong base.

What is titration?

A process that measures the amount of a solution of known concentration required to react with a measured amount of a solution of unknown concentration.

What quantity is directly measured in a titration?

Volume.

Where is acetic acid found?

In vinegar.

What gas do acids release when they react with metals?

H2 gas.

What occurs when acids react with bases?

They produce salts and water.

What is the taste of acids?

Sour.

Strong acids are classified as what type of electrolyte?

Strong electrolytes.

Which of the following is NOT a strong acid?

CH3COOH.

Which type of substances do hydroxides of Group 1 metals produce?

Strong bases.

What is a Brønsted-Lowry base?

A proton acceptor.

What type of acid is represented by HCIO4?

Perchloric acid.

What is the relationship between -ic and -ous acids?

Acids with -ous suffix contain less oxygen.

What type of acid ionizes nearly completely in aqueous solutions?

Strong acid.

In the reaction NH3 + H2O = NH4+ + OH-, what is H2O classified as?

Brønsted-Lowry base.

What remains when an acid has lost a proton?

Conjugate base.

In the reaction HF + H2O ↔ H3O+ + F-, what is the conjugate acid-base pair?

HF and F-.