CNA exam 3

When should a CNA immediately sit or lower a resident to the floor during ambulation?

If the resident becomes dizzy, weak, or starts to fall.

How often should residents be repositioned in bed?

Every 2 hours.

What should a CNA observe during dangling?

Signs of dizziness, pale skin, or weakness.

What is the Fowler’s position?

Head of bed at 45°–60°.

What is Semi-Fowler’s position?

Head of bed at 30°–45°.

What is High Fowler’s position?

Head of bed at 60°–90°.

When is a mechanical lift used?

For residents who are non-weight bearing.

When is a sit-to-stand device used?

For partial weight bearing residents who can assist.

What are key gait belt safety tips?

Keep both hands on the belt, bend knees, and use proper body mechanics.

What is abduction?

Moving a limb away from the midline.

What is adduction?

Moving a limb toward the midline.

What does a physical therapist (PT) work on?

Gross motor skills like walking and balance.

What does an occupational therapist (OT) help with?

Fine motor skills like dressing and feeding.

What does a speech pathologist address?

Speech, swallowing, and cognitive issues.

What must be done before transferring a resident from a wheelchair?

Lock the wheelchair.

What is one of the skin's main functions?

Protection from infection.

What is friction?

Skin rubbing on a surface.

What is shearing?

Skin stays in place, deeper tissue moves.

Which pressure ulcer stages are typically not painful?

Stage 1 and Stage 4.

Which pressure ulcer stages are usually painful?

Stage 2 and Stage 3.

Name 3 interventions to prevent skin breakdown.

Repositioning, hydration, skin inspection.

What is cardiac arrest?

The heart stops beating.

What is syncope?

Fainting.

What is anaphylactic shock?

Severe allergic reaction.

What is hypovolemic shock?

Caused by severe fluid or blood loss.

After a fall, what should the CNA do first?

Call the nurse, don’t move the resident.

How often must restraints be released?

Every 2 hours.

What is the most common type of dementia?

Alzheimer’s disease.

What are 3 symptoms of early Alzheimer’s?

Forgetfulness, mood changes, misplacing items.

What is the integumentary system?

Skin, hair, sweat glands, nails.

What are modifiable risk factors?

Things you can change, like diet and exercise.

What are signs of a CVA (stroke)?

Sudden weakness, slurred speech.

What is Erikson’s stage for older adults?

Integrity vs despair.

What must be met before self-actualization in Maslow’s hierarchy?

Basic, safety, love, and esteem needs.

What reduces the risk of HIV in healthcare workers?

Standard precautions.

What is Cheyne-Stokes breathing?

Irregular breathing with pauses, seen at end of life.

What is mottling?

Patchy skin discoloration due to poor circulation.

What oral care should be provided when monitoring dying patients?

Use an oral swab regularly.