Ex. 4.1 Long Bone Structure

epiphyses

expanded end of a long bone

diaphyses

shaft of long bone

epiphyseal disk

a plate of hyaline cartilage; location of bone growth

epiphyseal line

lines of fusion that form between the epiphyses and diaphysis

cancellous bone

a.k.a. spongy bone; found in the interior of the epiphyses and ends of the diaphysis.

compact bone

forms the rigid tube of the diaphysis and covers the cancellous bone at the epiphyses

medullary cavity

hollow chamber in the diaphysis

endosteum

thin epithelial membrane that lines the medullary cavity

yellow marrow

fat that fills medullary cavity and adjoining spaces in the cancellous bone

red marrow

occurs in cancellous bone in the epiphyses of the femur and humerus; create blood cells

periosteum

membrane made of fibrous connective tissue that covers the bone surface

articular cartilage

made of hyaline; reduces friction and protects the ends of the bone