Biology 2E - Chapter 3 Quiz Notes

At a meal, you are served a hamburger with cheese, onions, and beef on a bun. What ingredients represent the most carbohydrates? Select all that apply.

beef

bun

onion

cheese

bun / onion

The building blocks of nucleic acids are

Question 2 options:

nucleotides.

peptides.

nitrogenous bases.

sugars.

nucleotides

The R group interactions, β-pleated sheets and α-helix structure can be denatured, but what interaction relevant to structure cannot be denatured?

Question 3 options:

hydrophobic interactions

peptide bonds

ionic bonds

hydrogen bonds

disulfide bridge

peptide bonds

___________ are used for energy storage.

Question 4 options:

Phospholipids

Waxes

Steroids

Triglycerides

Cholesterol

Triglycerides

What factors allow a pool of 20 amino acids to produce thousands of unique proteins? (Select all that apply.)

Question 5 options:

variation in length of amino acid backbone

each protein is encoded by a distinct gene

variation in tertiary structure

variations in which amino acids are used

variations in glycosidic linkage

variations in the type of peptide bond

A. variation in length of amino acid backbone \n C. variation in tertiary structure \n D. variation in which amino acids are used

You are served dessert at a restaurant. You want to know what % of the calories in the dessert are from fat. The menu states that there are 10 grams of fat, 30 grams of carbohydrates and 4 grams of protein in the dessert. You know that the number of calories per gram is roughly the same for both protein and carbohydrates. What percentage of calories comes from fat for your dessert?

Question 6 options:

10.5%

37%

53%

28

37%

In an experiment, a researcher grew cells in medium containing radiolabeled phosphate. What macromolecules would you expect to be radiolabeled when cellular components were later separated?

Question 7 options:

fatty acids

starch

phospholipids

DNA

RNA

protein

cholesterol

DNA / RNA / Phospholipids

Indicate the statements that support the relationship between protein and structure.

Question 8 options:

A protein that unfolds or is incorrectly folded can use chaperones to correct the structure.

when some proteins are denatured, with return of the normal environmental conditions they might refold.

A proteins final shape is determined by the secondary structure.

pH, temperature and agitation can denature proteins rendering them active.

A disease may occur if proteins do not fold correctly.

A. a protein that unfolds or is incorrectly folded can use chaperones to correct the structure \n B. when some proteins are denatured, with return of the normal environmental conditions they might refold \n E. a disease may occur if proteins do not fold correctly

You and your roommate are grocery shopping. “I don’t get it,” she says. “My doctor said I should buy this special milk because I don’t digest it well. But this brand says ‘lactose-free’ and this brand says ‘lactase added’ – which do I want?” \n You reply: “The \n _______________ is a sugar in milk that you have trouble digesting, and \n _________________ is an enzyme that will digest it for you.

Question 9 options:

lactase, lactose

lactose,lactase

Lactose / Lactase

Organisms must use macromolecules that have properties to match their functional requirements. In the list below, choose the appropriate macromolecule whose properties meet the requirement.

Question 10 options:

12345

Requirement: Energy storage for seeds

12345

Requirement: Transient transmission of information

12345

Requirement: Strong cell walls

12345

Requirement: Stable storage of information

12345

Requirement: Short term energy storage (animals)

1.

cellulose

2.

DNA

3.

starch

4.

glycogen

5.

RNA

\n

E. Cellulose - 1. requirement: strong cell walls \n Properties: linear polymer rigid and strong \n A. DNA - 2. requirement: stable storage of information \n properties: 4 base pairs, not easily hydrolyzed \n B. starch - 3. requirement: energy storage for seeds \n properties: energy-reich polysaccharides \n C. glycogen - 4. requirement: short-term energy storage (animals) \n properties: energy-rich polysaccharide \n D. RNA - 5. requirement: transient transmission of information \n properties: 4 base pairs, easily hydrolyzed