Data Measurement, Cables, and Connectors Review

Comprehensive flashcards covering data units, USB versions/speeds, video and storage interfaces, and physical connectors based on lecture material.

b (lowercase)

Represents Bits in data measurements.

B (uppercase)

Represents Bytes in data measurements.

Byte

A unit of digital information consisting of $8$ bits.

bps

An abbreviation for Bits per second, used to measure data transfer rates.

Kilobit

A unit of data equal to $1,000$ bits.

Megabit

A unit of data equal to $1,000,000$ bits.

Gigabit

A unit of data equal to $1,000,000,000$ bits.

Universal Serial Bus (USB)

A standard interface for connecting peripheral devices to a computer, supporting up to $127$ devices per controller.

USB 1.0 Low-speed

A USB operating mode with a maximum speed of $1.5\,Mb/s$.

USB 1.1 Full-speed

A USB operating mode with a maximum speed of $12\,Mb/s$.

USB 2.0 High-speed

A USB operating mode with a maximum speed of $480\,Mb/s$.

USB 3.x Gen 1 SuperSpeed

A USB operating mode with a maximum speed of $5\,Gb/s$.

USB 3.x Gen 2 SuperSpeed 10Gbps

A USB operating mode with a maximum speed of $10\,Gb/s$.

USB 3.2 Gen 2x2

A USB operating mode with a maximum speed of $20\,Gb/s$.

USB4

A USB standard commonly associated with a maximum speed of $40\,Gb/s$.

SS symbol

A marking beside a USB port indicating SuperSpeed USB, which is normally at least $5\,Gb/s$.

USB Type-A

A flat rectangular connector that inserts in one direction.

USB Type-B

A connector commonly found on larger peripherals such as printers and scanners.

USB 3 Micro-B

A connector common for external hard drives and other portable storage devices.

USB Type-C

A reversible connector most common on modern phones, tablets, and laptops.

DB-9

A connector commonly associated with legacy serial communications at an approximate maximum speed of $115\,Kb/s$.

High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)

An interface that carries digital video and digital audio signals.

High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP)

A digital copy protection developed to prevent copying of digital audio and video content as it travels across connections.

HDMI Type C

The Mini HDMI connector.

HDMI Type D

The Micro HDMI connector.

DisplayPort

A digital video and audio interface developed by VESA (Video Electronics Standards Association) that often uses a locking tab.

Digital Visual Interface (DVI)

A video display interface; DVI-A is analog only, DVI-D is digital only, and DVI-I supports both integrated analog and digital.

Video Graphics Array (VGA)

A legacy $15$-pin connector used for analog video.

Thunderbolt 1 and 2

Interfaces that use the Mini DisplayPort connector shape.

Thunderbolt 3 and 4

Interfaces that use the USB Type-C connector shape and support speeds up to $40\,Gb/s$.

DisplayPort Alternate Mode

A feature that allows USB-C ports to carry DisplayPort video signals.

Lightning

A reversible connector developed by Apple.

Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)

An interface used internally for hard drives and SSDs; uses a $7$-pin data connector and a $15$-pin power connector.

SATA Revision 3

The SATA version that provides a maximum speed of $6\,Gb/s$.

Small Computer System Interface (SCSI)

A legacy parallel technology where narrow SCSI supports $7$ devices and wide SCSI supports $15$ devices.

Serial Attached SCSI (SAS)

An interface used in enterprise servers and storage systems, featuring dual-port architecture for high reliability.

RJ-45

A connector normally used for Ethernet networking.

S/PDIF

A connector used for carrying digital audio, often through an optical connection.

Kensington lock

A slot used for securing a computer with a physical anti-theft cable.

All-in-one computer

A computer whose main internal components are built into the display enclosure.