HHD UNIT 2 AOS1

Prenatal

-From conception to birth

-Rapid growth

-Singular cell goes to 200 billion cells

Infancy

-From birth to 2nd birthday

-Rapid growth

-Developing motor skills

Early childhood

-From 2nd birthday to 6th birthday

-Slow and steady growth

-Learn social skills

Late childhood

-From 6th birthday to 12th birthday

-Slow and steady growth

-Refined motor skills

Youth

-From 12th birthday to 18th birthday

-Rapid growth

-Reaching maturity at the end of youth

Early adulthood

-From 18th birthday to 40th birthday

-Body reaches peak around 25-30 years old

-Periods of maintenance and repair

Middle adulthood

-From 40th birthday to 65th birthday

-Physical signs of aging and menopause

-Stability in work and relationships

Late adulthood

-From 65th birthday to death

-Change in lifestyle due to retirement and financial security

-Health and wellbeing challenges

Why is youth a difficult lifespan to define?

Classifications of youth can differ. This is mostly influenced by puberty being experienced at different times and others taking longer to gain independence and maturity.

Perceptions of youth

Positive

-Vibrant and ambitious, Happy, Hard Working

Negative

-Lazy, rude, unwilling and unmotivated, lack maturity

Perceptions of adults

Positive

-Wise, responsible, productive

Negative

-Resistant to change, complain a lot, burden to healthcare system

Physical development

Changes to the body and its systems.

Characteristics of physical development

-Growth: Organs and systems getting bigger

-Body systems: Systems increase in size, structure and function.

-Motor skills: Control of muscles in the body

Intellectual development

The increase in complexity of processes in the brain, such as thought, knowledge and memory.

Characteristics of intellectual development

-Knowledge and memory: K: Information and concepts an individual is familiar with and understands. M: Ability to retain and recall information.

-Language: Knowledge of language continues to develop over lifespan.

-Thought patterns and problem solving: TP: Move from concrete thoughts to abstract thoughts. PS: Most complex process, finding a way to your goal when no path exists.

-Creativity and imagination: Relates to new ways of thinking

-Attention: Focusing on one aspect of the environment and ignoring others.

Emotional development

Experiencing a full range of emotions and increasing complexity relating to the expression of emotions, the development of self concept and resilience.

Characteristics of emotional development

-Developing self-concept: How an individual views themselves.

-Experiencing a full range of emotions: Individuals experience a greater range of emotions as they develop.

-Learning appropriate ways of expressing emotions: As individuals become more mature, they become more equipped to express emotions in an appropriate way.

-Building resilience: Effectively dealing with adverse or negative events that occur throughout life.

Social development

Increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people.

Characteristics of social development

-Behaviours: How an individual acts around others and learning which actions are appropriate in a range of situations.

-Social roles and expectations: Having distinct roles in different groups. Different skills and expectations are associated with these.

-Relationship skills: Knowing how to behave in a relationship and what is expected.

-Communication skills: Effective communication is an important aspect of ensuring that people can be understood.

Communication

Clear communication in any relationship allows people to share interest, aspirations or concerns.

Respect

The consideration for others feelings, opinions, rights and needs.

Trust

The feeling of having confidence in another person.

Honesty

Choosing not to lie, deceive or cheat.

Loyalty

Being faithful to others and providing support at challenging times.

Empathy

Being able to understand and share feelings of another

Safety

Being safe from danger (emotionally or physically)

Equality

When both people in the relationship are involved in and contributing tp decision making in the relationship.

Changes in responsibility

Children have physical, intellectual, emotional and social needs that are constantly changing that need to be met for optimal development.

Examples of changes in responsibility

-Meeting child’s needs: Food, learning, reassurance, connections with others

Changes in relationships

Coping with challenges when interacting with partner, faimly and social networks.

Examples of changes in relatinships

-Partner: One partner may become more focused on the baby

-Family: Opinions of how to parent from family members cause conflict

-Social network: Lost social connections

Changes in additional stresses

Managing and dealing with any changes to health, lifestyle, social life, housing, travel, financial position or career.

Examples of additonal stresses

-Cost of living

-Income

-Expectations