Enterprise Networking - Router Concepts and Routing Protocols

Flashcards generated from lecture notes on network routers and routing protocols.

List three non-volatile memory types used by a network router.

ROM, NVRAM, and Flash

What are the three main components that operate a network router?

Central processing unit (CPU), Operating system (OS), and Memory and storage (RAM, ROM, NVRAM, Flash, hard drive)

Is a router needed when a PC forwards a packet into a network? Explain.

No router is needed if packets are forwarded within the same network. A router is needed if packets are forwarded to a different network.

List three main components of dynamic routing protocols.

Data structures, routing protocol messages, and algorithm.

Explain the use of Floating Static Routes.

To create a backup route in case a primary route link fails.

How does Routing Information Protocol (RIP) determine its best path?

By hop count from source to destination.

What is the command to reset the router ID?

clear ip ospf process

What are the two network routes that are used by routers to learn about remote networks?

Static routes and dynamic routing protocols.

Calculate the wildcard mask for subnet mask of 255.255.255.240.

0.0.0.15

What is the network cost of using a serial (128 kbps) interface type? (Calculation: 100,000,000 bps / 128,000 bps)

781

List three disadvantages of using dynamic route in a computer network.

More complex to implement, less secure (requires additional configuration), requires more CPU/RAM and link bandwidth.

List four roles of Dynamic Routing Protocols in a computer network.

Discovery of remote networks, maintaining up-to-date routing information, choosing the best path to destination networks, ability to find a new best path if the current path is no longer available.

Which of the OSPF data structures creates the topology table in the network?

Link-state database (LSDB).

How does a router determine the best path to send packets over the computer network?

Routers use routing tables.

Which of the OSPF data structures creates the routing table in the network?

Forwarding database.

Explain Administrative Distance in computer networking.

The Administrative Distance (AD) represents the "trustworthiness" of the route. The route source with lower AD is more trustworthy.

What is the feature of using passive interface on a router?

The Passive Interface feature disables routing updates advertisements on interfaces connected to non-router neighbors.

List three disadvantages of link-state routing protocols.

Maintaining link-state database and SPF tree requires additional memory. Calculating SPF algorithm requires additional CPU processing. Bandwidth can be adversely affected by link-state packet flooding.

What are the benefits of performing load balancing on a computer network?

Equal cost load balancing can improve network performance.

List two link-state routing protocols.

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and IS-IS.

Calculate the wildcard mask for subnet mask of 255.255.240.0.

0.0.15.255

How does Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) determine its best path?

By bandwidth, delay, load, and reliability.

Explain the difference between static routes and dynamic routes in computer network?

Static Routes: Remote networks are manually entered into the route table. Dynamic Routes: Remote networks are automatically learned using a dynamic routing protocol.

What is the command to verify OSPF Protocol Settings?

show ip protocols

Calculate the wildcard mask for subnet prefix /18.

0.0.63.255

List five features of OSPF.

Classless, efficient, fast convergence, scalable and secure.

List three dynamic routing protocol that are used by routers?

Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP).

How does Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) determines its best path?

By cost based on cumulative bandwidth from source to destination.

Explain the use of Summarized Static Routes.

To reduce the number of routes advertised by summarizing several contiguous networks as one static route.

List three advantages of using static route in a computer network.

Easy to implement in a small network, very secure (no advertisements sent), extra resources like CPU/RAM are not required.