Isomer and solution chemistry review

Constitutional isomer

Same chemical formula but different arrangement of atoms

Configurational isomer

Includes e/z isomerism, enantiomers, diastereomers; think of rings, double bonds that are restrictive

Conformational isomer

Yoga isomers = changes in 3D spaces without breaking of bonds, well-represented by newman projections

Common ion effect

Solubility of an ion precipitate decreases with the addition of an ion common with the precipitate (due to Le Chatelier’s principle)

Potential energy of same and different charge atoms

Potential energy of two atoms is zero at an infinite distance; decreases as atoms of opposite charge come closer together and increases as atoms of same charge move closer together