cell review
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26 Terms
cytosol
jelly-like substance, provides fluid medium necessary for biochemical rxns
organelle
one of several different types of membrane-enclosed bodies in the cell
ER
system of channels that is continuous w/the nuclear membrane covering the nucleus and composed of the same lipid bilayer material
functions of ER
transporting, synthesizing, storing materials
ribosome
organelle that serves as the site of protein synthesis
SER synthesizes
phospholipids and steroid hormones
SER also stores and regulates
the conc of cellular Ca
SER additionally metabolizes some
carbohydrates and performs a detoxification role, breaking down certain toxins
RER job is to
synthesize/modify proteins
golgi apparatus is responsible for
sorting, modifying, shipping off products that come from the RER
2 side of golgi apparatus
one receives products in vesicles, one secretes vesicles
lysosomes
contain enzymes that break down and digest unneeded cellular components
autophagy
process of a cell digesting its own structures
lysosomes also break down
foreign material
autolysis
self-destruct, process of controlled cell death
mitochondria consists of
an outer lipid bilayer membrane as well as an additional inner lipid bilayer membrane
peroxisome
membrane-bound cellular organelle that contains enzymes, does lipid metabolism and chemical detoxification
peroxisomes produces
hydrogen peroxide, neutralizes poisons like alc
cytoskeleton
group of fibrous proteins that provide structural support for cells
cytoskeletal components are also critical for
cell motility, cell reproduction, transportation of substances within the cell
3 components of the cytoskeleton
microtubule, cilia, flagellum
microtubule is
composed of tubulin proteins
microtubules maintain
cell shape and structure, resists compression of the cell, plays a role in positioning the organelles within the cell
microtubules make up 2 types of cellular appendages for motion
cilia and flagella
cilia move
waste materials
flagellum is specialized for
cell locomotion