World History Edward

Vocab

Historiography

The study of how the history is written, interrupted, and developed over time

Civilization

A large human community

Artifact

Ay object made, modified, or used by humans that holds cultural, historical, or scientific meaning

Interest

the extra money you pay when you borrow funds

Hominid

a member of the biological family Hominidae, which includes all modern and extinct great apes and human

Culture

The shared way of life, including the beliefs, values, customs, art, and behaviors, that a group of people passes down from one generation to the next.

Paleolithic Age

The earliest and longest of human prehistory.

Neolithic Age

10,000 BCE to 3,000 BCE

Neolithic Revolution

the critical historical shift from nomadic hunting and gathering to settles agriculture and animal domestication

Technology

The application of scientific knowledge, tools, and methods to solve problems and achieve practical goals

Homo sapiens

Wise man or Wise humans

Nomad

A person who belongs to a group that moves form one place to another instead of living in a permanent home

Hunter-gatherer

a person who lives in a society where most of all food is obtained by hunting animals, fishing, and gathering wild plants

Slash-and-burn farming

a traditional farming method that involves cutting down and burning trees and plants in a forest to clear land for growing crops.

Domestication

a multi-generational, co-evolutionary process where one species takes control over the car, breeding, and survival of another species to secure a reliable supply of resources or services.

Excavation

The process of digging removing earth, rock, or other materials form the ground to creative a cavity, hole, trench, or depression

Specialization

the process of focusing on a single task, product, skill, or area of study rather than trying to do or be good at many things.

Artisan

Skilled workers who make practical or decorative items by hand using traditional methods.

Institution

an established organization, system, custom, or behavioral rule that serves a specify purpose in society

Scribe

Professional copyists, historical record-keepers, or scholars of religious law

Cuneiform

The earliest known writing system in human history

Bronze age

A historical period spanning roughly from 3300 BCE to 1200 BCE

Barter

To trade goods or services directly for other goods or services without using money

Zigguratto

a massive, stepped pyramid structure with terraced levels built in ancient Mesopotamia and western Iran

Fertile Crescent

A crescent shaped region in the Middle East spanning modern-day Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Palestine, parts of turkey and Iran, and the Nile valley in Egypt.

Mesopotamia

between rivers

city state

an independent sovereign country made up of a single city and the land around it

Dynasty

A sequence of rulers from the same family who hold political power, usually passed down through hereditary succession

Cultural diffusion

the process where cultural ideas, beliefs, technologies, and practices spread from one society to another.

Polytheism

the belief in, or worship of multiple gods and goddesses

Empire

a major political or corporate unit where a single ruler or central authority exercises total control over a larger territory, multiple nations, or a group of businesses.

Hammurabi

Hammurabi was the sixth king of Babylon who united ancient Mesopotamia and created one of history’s oldest and most complete written legal codes. He ruled from 1792 to 1750 BCE

Delta

A flat, low lying wetland or plain formed by sediment buildup where a river flows into a slower body of water, such as an ocean or lake

Narmer

He was the 1st Pharoh

Pharaoh

Supreme political and religious ruler of ancient Egypt

Theocracy

A system of government where a God or deity is recognized as the supreme ruler, and the state is run by religious leaders or officials who act as divine agents

Pyramid

A massive, monumental structure with a polygon base and triangular slides that slope upward and meet at the top

Mummification

The preservation of soft body tissues after death by stopping natural decay through dehydration or chemical treatment

Hieroglyphics

A formal writing system from ancient Egypt that uses picture symbols to represent sounds, ideas, and whole words.